Rose Scent

Guterman, Inna; Shalit, Moshe; Menda, Naama; Piestun, Dan; Dafny-Yelin, Mery; Shalev, Gil; Bar, Einat; Davydov, Olga; Ovadis, Mariana; Emanuel, Michal; Wang, Jihong; Adam, Zach; Pichersky, Eran; Lewinsohn, Efraim; Zamir, Dani; Vainstein, Alexander; Weiss, David

doi:10.1105/tpc.005207

Cited by 267 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, we have shown that ODO1 is a MYB that exerts influence over multiple genes involved in generating precursors for volatile benzenoid biosynthesis ( Figure 5A). Two MYBs have been identified in fragrant red roses (Guterman et al, 2002), which also produce volatile benzenoids. However, these MYBs have the highest similarity with GhMYB9 and PsMYB26, which are phylogenetically unrelated to ODO1 and which are likely to regulate phenylpropanoid genes involved in flavonoid synthesis (Figure 2).…”

Section: Odo1 Is Distinct From Other Floral Myb Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ODORANT1Regulates Fragrance Biosynthesis in Petunia Flowers

et al. 2005

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Floral scent is important to plant reproduction because it attracts pollinators to the sexual organs. Therefore, volatile emission is usually tuned to the foraging activity of the pollinators. In Petunia hybrida, volatile benzenoids determine the floral aroma. Although the pathways for benzenoid biosynthesis have been characterized, the enzymes involved are less well understood. How production and emission are regulated is unknown. By targeted transcriptome analyses, we identified ODORANT1 (ODO1), a member of the R2R3-type MYB family, as a candidate for the regulation of volatile benzenoids in Petunia hybrida cv W115 (Mitchell) flowers. These flowers are only fragrant in the evening and at night. Transcript levels of ODO1 increased before the onset of volatile emission and decreased when volatile emission declined. Downregulation of ODO1 in transgenic P. hybrida Mitchell plants strongly reduced volatile benzenoid levels through decreased synthesis of precursors from the shikimate pathway. The transcript levels of several genes in this pathway were reduced by suppression of ODO1 expression. Moreover, ODO1 could activate the promoter of the 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene. Flower pigmentation, which is furnished from the same shikimate precursors, was not influenced because color and scent biosynthesis occur at different developmental stages. Our studies identify ODO1 as a key regulator of floral scent biosynthesis.

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Section: Odo1 Is Distinct From Other Floral Myb Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ODORANT1Regulates Fragrance Biosynthesis in Petunia Flowers

et al. 2005

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“…cDNA was labeled indirectly with succinimidyl ester Cy3/ Cy5 as described previously (Guterman et al, 2002). For each one of the two biological repetitions, two hybridizations with swapped dye labeling reactions were performed (see Guterman et al, 2002). Separate images for each fluorescent probe were acquired using ScanArray 4000 software (Packard BioScience) at a resolution of 10 mm per pixel, adjusting the photomultiplier and laser power to achieve an optimal distribution of signals without minimal saturation.…”

Section: -Mer Oligonucleotide Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One hundred micrograms of total RNA was subjected to reverse transcription reaction using dNTPs mix containing 5-3 aminoallyl dUTP. cDNA was labeled indirectly with succinimidyl ester Cy3/ Cy5 as described previously (Guterman et al, 2002). For each one of the two biological repetitions, two hybridizations with swapped dye labeling reactions were performed (see Guterman et al, 2002).…”

Section: -Mer Oligonucleotide Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression in Multigene Families. Analysis of Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Proteases

Sinvany-Villalobo

Davydov²,

Ben-Ari³

et al. 2004

Plant Physiology

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The proteolytic machinery of chloroplasts and mitochondria in Arabidopsis consists primarily of three families of ATPdependent proteases, Clp, Lon, and FtsH, and one family of ATP-independent proteases, DegP. However, the functional significance of the multiplicity of their genes is not clear. To test whether expression of specific isomers could be differently affected by growth conditions, we analyzed transcript abundance following short-term exposure to different environmental stimuli, using 70-mer oligonucleotide arrays. This analysis revealed variability in the response to high light and different temperatures within members of each family. Thirty out of the 41 tested genes were up-regulated in response to high light, including both chloroplast and mitochondrial isozymes, whereas only six and five genes responded to either high or low temperature, respectively. The extent of response was variable, ranging from 2-to 20-fold increase in the steady-state levels.Absolute transcript levels of the tested genes, compiled from one-channel arrays, were also variable. In general, transcripts encoding mitochondrial isozymes were accumulated to a lower level than chloroplastic ones. Within the FtsH family, transcript abundance of most genes correlated with the severity of mutant phenotypes in the relevant genes. This correlation was also evident at the protein level. Analysis of FtsH isozymes revealed that FtsH2 was the most abundant species, followed by FtsH5 and 8, with FtsH1 being accumulated to only 10% of FtsH2 level. These results suggest that, unlike previous expectations, the relative importance of different chloroplast protease isozymes, evidenced by mutant phenotypes at least in the FtsH family, is determined by their abundance, and not necessarily by different specific functions or specialized expression under certain conditions.The proteolytic machinery of chloroplasts and mitochondria is essential for controlling the quality and turnover of these organelles' proteins and, thus, is important for their proper function. In Arabidopsis, the proteolytic machinery of chloroplasts consists primarily of three families of ATP-dependent proteases, Clp, Lon, and FtsH, and one family of ATPindependent proteases, DegP (for review, see Adam and Clarke, 2002;Sokolenko et al., 2002). Homologous enzymes are found also in mitochondria (Sarria et al., 1998;Adam et al., 2001;Halperin et al., 2001b;Kolodziejczak et al., 2002). All these families have well-characterized homologs in Escherichia coli (for review, see Clarke, 1999;Adam, 2000). Clp is a Ser protease that separates its two essential functions in two different polypeptides: a small subunit, ClpP, containing the proteolytic active site, and a larger regulatory ATPase subunit, either ClpA or ClpX (for review, see Gottesman, 1996). Lon protease is an ATPdependent Ser protease in which the catalytic and ATPase domains reside in a single polypeptide (for review, see Gottesman, 1996). FtsH is the only essential ATP-dependent protease in E. coli. It is a membranebound metall...

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“…Plants were transferred to S-sufficient or S-deprived medium and grown for up to 1 week (168 h). Rosette leaves and roots were harvested at 3,6,12,24, 48, and 168 h after transfer, immediately frozen with liquid nitrogen, and stored at Ϫ80°C until use.Metabolome Analyses-Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analysis was used to conduct non-targeted metabolomic profiling (6). Targeted metabolic profiling of amino acids, Oacetyl-L-serine (OAS), anions, organic acids, and sugars was performed by high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis as described (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of Gene-to-Gene and Metabolite-to-Gene Networks inArabidopsis by Integration of Metabolomics andTranscriptomics

Hirai

Klein

Fujikawa

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

444

369

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Since the completion of genome sequences of model organisms, functional identification of unknown genes has become a principal challenge in biology. Postgenomics sciences such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are expected to discover gene functions. This report outlines the elucidation of gene-togene and metabolite-to-gene networks via integration of metabolomics with transcriptomics and presents a strategy for the identification of novel gene functions. Metabolomics and transcriptomics data of Arabidopsis grown under sulfur deficiency were combined and analyzed by batch-learning self-organizing mapping. A group of metabolites/genes regulated by the same mechanism clustered together. The metabolism of glucosinolates was shown to be coordinately regulated. Three uncharacterized putative sulfotransferase genes clustering together with known glucosinolate biosynthesis genes were candidates for involvement in biosynthesis. In vitro enzymatic assays of the recombinant gene products confirmed their functions as desulfoglucosinolate sulfotransferases. Several genes involved in sulfur assimilation clustered with O-acetylserine, which is considered a positive regulator of these genes. The genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis clustered with the gene encoding a transcriptional factor that up-regulates specifically anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. These results suggested that regulatory metabolites and transcriptional factor genes can be identified by this approach, based on the assumption that they cluster with the downstream genes they regulate. This strategy is applicable not only to plant but also to other organisms for functional elucidation of unknown genes.In the era of post-genomics, a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the complex events of life is a great concern in biology. The first step in this process is to identify all gene functions and gene-to-gene networks as the components of the system, the whole events of life. The metabolome is the final product of a series of gene actions. Hence, metabolomics has a potential to elucidate gene functions and networks, especially when integrated with transcriptomics. A promising approach is pair-wise transcript-metabolite correlation analysis, which can reveal unexpected correlations and bring to light candidate genes for modifying the metabolite content (1). Gene functions involved in the specific pathway of interest have been identified by the integration of transcript and targeted metabolic profiling in experimental systems where the pathway was activated (2-6). However, up to now, no gene function has been identified by non-targeted analyses of the transcriptome and metabolome. In this report, we analyzed the non-targeted metabolome and transcriptome of a model plant Arabidopsis under sulfur (S) 1 deficiency whose genome sequencing has been completed. Our strategy for integrated analyses using batch-learning-selforganizing mapping (BL-SOM) (7-9) enabled the identification of gene-to-gene and metabolite-to-gene networks and new gene fun...

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Rose Scent

Cited by 267 publications

References 39 publications

ODORANT1Regulates Fragrance Biosynthesis in Petunia Flowers

ODORANT1Regulates Fragrance Biosynthesis in Petunia Flowers

Expression in Multigene Families. Analysis of Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Proteases

Elucidation of Gene-to-Gene and Metabolite-to-Gene Networks inArabidopsis by Integration of Metabolomics andTranscriptomics

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