ROS scavenging capacity and neuroprotective effect of α-mangostin against 3-nitropropionic acid in cerebellar granule neurons

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“…Consistently, Mahabusarakam et al [45] reported that α-MG and its synthetic derivatives inhibited the decrease of α-tocopherol consumption in copper-induced LDL oxidation, and the structural modifications of α-MG differently affected the antioxidant activity: (i) substitution of C-3 and C-6 hydroxyl groups with aminoethyl increased the activity, and (ii) substitution of C-3 and C-6 hydroxyl groups with methyl, acetate, propanediol, or nitrile reduced the activity. There is substantial evidence supporting the capacity of α-MG to scavenge superoxide anion (O 2 -• ), hydroxyl radicals (OH·), and H 2 O 2 [46][47][48][49]. On the other hand, α-MG was shown to possess peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) scavenging activity using authentic and 3-morpholinosydnonimine-derived peroxynitrite methods [32,46].…”

“…There is substantial evidence supporting the capacity of α-MG to scavenge superoxide anion (O 2 -• ), hydroxyl radicals (OH·), and H 2 O 2 [46][47][48][49]. On the other hand, α-MG was shown to possess peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) scavenging activity using authentic and 3-morpholinosydnonimine-derived peroxynitrite methods [32,46]. Moreover, studies carried out in several cell/tissue models have confirmed the effectiveness of α-MG in counteracting lipoperoxidation and oxidative stress-mediated damage by its ability of quenching free radicals.…”

Development and Validation of Analytical Method by RP-HPLC for Quantification of Alpha-Mangostin Encapsulated in PLGA Microspheres

“…Its chemical structure of 1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-one ( Figure 1) was elucidated by Yates et al [3]. Alphamangostin represented the major active constituent among the detected xanthones and therefore, it has been considered as analytical marker for the quality control of GM products [4,5]. Recently, alpha-mangostin has been commonly employed as ingredient in nutritional supplements, herbal cosmetics [4] and some topical pharmaceutical preparations [6] owing to its previously investigated multi-pharmacological activities that were previously reviewed by Pedraza-Chaverri et al [7].…”

“…Previously described method [4] for the assay of pure alpha-mangostin using methanol as solvent could not be applied to quantify alpha-mangostin from the PLGA microspheres. This was due to poor solubilising property of the methanol to completely dissolve the polymeric PLGA.…”

“…Alphamangostin represented the major active constituent among the detected xanthones and therefore, it has been considered as analytical marker for the quality control of GM products [4,5]. Recently, alpha-mangostin has been commonly employed as ingredient in nutritional supplements, herbal cosmetics [4] and some topical pharmaceutical preparations [6] owing to its previously investigated multi-pharmacological activities that were previously reviewed by Pedraza-Chaverri et al [7]. It is well known that alpha-mangostin exhibited a broad spectrum of biological effects including anti-oxidant [8], anti-inflammatory [9], anti-allergic [10], analgesic [11], neuro-protective [12], anti-mycobacterial [1], antifungal [13], anti-bacterial [14] and anti-proliferative [15,16] activities.…”