“…Measurement of behavior in the hospital. 3 The ward behavior of each patient was rated on a 64-item rating scale independently by two aides and two nurses who had usually attended the patient for several months prior to the rating. Items representing three classes of behavior were selected on a rational basis from the pool of items: (a) 14 items concerning conformity to regulations, e.g., staying in bed, wearing a mask, covering coughs, (b) 22 items concerning relations with personnel, e.g., forms of demanding, complaining, conviviality, and (c) 7 items concerning relations with other patients, e.g., hazing, "reporting" a patient, disturbing others.…”