Rootstock as a fruit quality factor in citrus and deciduous tree crops

Castle, William S.

doi:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513914

Cited by 113 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Segundo Giorgi et al (2005), os pêssegos das plantas enxertadas sobre 'Citation' tiveram teor mais elevado de sólidos solúveis, quando comparados aos demais portaenxertos estudados. Castle (1995) também observou a influência dos porta-enxertos na variação do teor de sólidos solúveis em maçãs, pois verificou que a cv. Empire, quando enxertada em 'M.27', produziu frutos com teor mais elevado de sólidos solúveis, quando comparado aos porta-enxertos 'M.26' e 'M.9'.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Efeito de porta-enxertos e espaçamentos entre plantas na qualidade de pêssegos 'Aurora-1'

et al. 2008

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de pêssegos da cultivar 'Aurora-1' enxertada sobre quatro porta-enxertos: 'Okinawa' propagado por sementes e por estacas herbáceas, Clone 15 e cv. Rigitano de umezeiro propagados por estacas herbáceas, e conduzidos em três espaçamentos: 6 x 2 m, 6 x 3 m e 6 x 4 m. Os frutos foram colhidos na safra de 2005, obedecendo ao estádio de maturação correspondente à coloração exigida para a comercialização in natura, eliminando-se os defeituosos, machucados ou fora do padrão de maturação estipulado. Foram realizadas análises físicas (massa fresca do fruto, diâmetro longitudinal, diâmetro equatorial, coloração externa, coloração interna e firmeza) e químicas dos frutos (sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável e índice de maturação). Os porta-enxertos e os espaçamentos estudados não influenciaram na coloração externa, no ângulo de cor e na luminosidade do mesocarpo, na firmeza e na acidez dos pêssegos 'Aurora-1'. Pêssegos 'Aurora-1' apresentaram maior massa fresca, diâmetro longitudinal e diâmetro equatorial, quando produzidos no Clone 15 e na cv. Rigitano de umezeiro como porta-enxerto. O uso do Clone 15 de umezeiro como porta-enxerto induziu à produção de frutos com maior teor de sólidos solúveis e melhor índice de maturação (gosto), em relação ao 'Okinawa' propagado por estacas herbáceas. O maior espaçamento entre plantas (6 x 4 m) induziu à produção de pêssegos menores, entretanto com maior teor de sólidos solúveis e melhor relação SS/AT. Termos para indexação: Prunus persica, Prunus mume, porta-enxerto, composição química. EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCKS AND TREE SPACING ON 'AURORA-1' PEACH QUALITYABSTRACT -The objective this research was to evaluate the post harvest 'Aurora-1' peaches quality, budded on four rootstocks ('Okinawa' propagated by seeds and herbaceous cuttings, Clone 15 and 'Rigitano' mume propagated by herbaceous cuttings), cultivated in three spacing: 6 x 2 m, 6 x 3 m and 6 x 4 m. Fruits harvest was realized in 2005, based on peel colors, which is the demand for in natura commercialization, corresponding to the maturation indexes. Fruit physical attributes like fruit fresh weight, longitudinal and equatorial diameter, firmness, external and internal color and chemical evaluations (soluble solids, acidity contents and ratio) were analyzed. Through the obtained data, it was verified that rootstocks and tree spacing did not influence the external color, hue and internal lightness mesocarp, the firmness and acidity contents of 'Aurora-1' peaches. The highest fruit fresh weight, longitudinal and equatorial diameters were obtained on Clone 15 and 'Rigitano' mume rootstock. 'Aurora-1' peach trees budded on Clone 15 mume rootstocks have got the highest soluble solids contents and ratio than 'Okinawa' propagated by herbaceous cuttings. 'Aurora-1' peach trees cultivated in 6 x 4 m space produced shorter fruits, but with the highest soluble solids contents and ratio. Naquele ano, não houve registro de nenhuma exportação significativa de pêssegos brasileiros (...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Em maçãs cv. Goldspur, Castle (1995) verificou maior acidez quando utilizado o porta-enxerto 'M.26', comparativamente às maçãs produzidas sobre 'MM.111'.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito de porta-enxertos e espaçamentos entre plantas na qualidade de pêssegos 'Aurora-1'

et al. 2008

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“…However, previous studies indicated little difference in inoculum load between trees on an avocado orchard close to the Beerwah sites (Marques 2003), and the tree differences in diffuse discolouration indicates a tree effect independent of inoculum load. Hofman et al (2002) suggested that genetic variability between seedling rootstocks in commercial avocado orchards may contribute to this between-tree variability in fruit quality, as rootstock influences on fruit quality has been noted in other fruit trees (Castle 1995). The rootstock influence may be mediated through fruit mineral concentrations (Autio 1991), as suggested by the correlations between fruit mineral concentrations (particularly Ca, Mg, and K) and fruit quality attributes (particularly fruit susceptibility to body rots, percentage DM, and mass).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Between-tree variation in fruit quality and fruit mineral concentrations of Hass avocados

Marques

Hofman²,

Wearing

2006

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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Inconsistent internal fruit quality in Hass avocados affects consumer confidence. To determine the influence of individual trees on fruit quality, Hass avocado fruit were harvested from adjacent trees of similar external appearance in 3 commercial orchards in 1998 and 1 orchard in 1999. The trees in each orchard were grown with similar commercial practices and in similar soil types. Within each location, there were significant (P<0.05) differences in the mean ripe fruit quality between trees with respect to fruit body rot severity (mainly anthracnose) with and without cold storage, internal disorders severity due to diffuse discolouration and vascular browning (after cold storage), days to ripen, percentage dry matter, and the percentage of the skin area with purple-black colour when ripe. These effects were also noted in the same orchard in 1999. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in fruit flesh calcium, magnesium, potassium, boron and zinc concentrations between trees. Significant (P<0.05) correlations were observed between average fruit mineral concentrations in each tree (particularly calcium, magnesium and potassium) and body rot severity, percentage dry matter and fruit mass. There was little conclusive evidence that characteristics such as the growth of the non-suberised roots or the degree of scion under- or overgrowth was involved in these tree effects; however, differences between trees with respect to other rootstock characteristics may be involved. The inconsistency of the correlations across sites and years suggested that other factors apart from tree influences could also affect the relationship between fruit minerals and fruit quality.

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“…However, our results also demonstrated the undesirability of making a rootstock decision using one factor alone; for example, the juice content and brix value of fruits from trees grafted on Volkamer lemon were comparatively low, but the quantity of soluble solid per tree and fruit size were high because of the large yield. Mechanisms of rootstock effect on fruit quality were discussed by Castle [16] using apple (a climacteric starch-accumulating fruit) and citrus (non-climacteric and accumulating soluble solid). He proposed that the quality in apples is largely related to crop load and to canopy management, whereas the quality of the citrus fruit juice is closely related to the rootstock effects due to the plant-water relation that regulated field trial results, sucrose transport and reciprocal fruit-grafting studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of citrus rootstocks on fruit yield and quality of Ruby Red and Marsh grapefruit

Ramin

Alirezanezhad

2005

Fruits

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--Introduction. Generally, in Iran, citrus cultivars are grafted on Sour orange rootstocks. However, susceptibility of this rootstock to tristeza (CTV) has required a research program to replace Sour orange trees with other rootstocks. Materials and methods. Yield performance and fruit quality of Ruby Red and Marsh grapefruits were assessed for 5 years (1999 to 2003) in the Agricultural Research Station in Dezful (Southern Iran) according to the eight different rootstocks used: Carrizo citrange, Citrus amblycarpa, Cleopatra mandarin, King mandarin, Sour orange, Swingle citrumelo, Troyer citrange and Volkamer lemon. Results and discussion. For the 5 years studied, cumulative yields per tree and yield per trunk cross-section area were the highest on Cleopatra mandarin, Sour orange, Swingle citrumelo and Volkamer lemon, whereas trees on Citrus amblycarpa, Carrizo citrange, King mandarin and Troyer citrange were the least productive. The results showed that individual fruit weight, size and skin thickness were significantly higher for both cultivars on Volkamer lemon, compared with the other rootstocks. Fruits on the Cleopatra mandarin rootstock had the lowest weight and fruit diameter. The rootstock type also affected the fruit juice amount and soluble solid content. Fruits from cultivars which were grafted on Sour orange rootstock had total soluble solids of 9.93% and 51% of juice content, whereas on Volkamer lemon rootstock, they had 7.81% of total soluble solids and 45.3% of juice content. Total acid of the fruits from cultivars grafted on Volkamer lemon had the significantly smallest amount (1.33%). In both cultivars of grapefruits, no significant differences were observed except in the size of the fruit, fruit juice and vitamin C contents. Interactions between rootstock and cultivar were significantly different. Conclusion. Our results indicated that the yield and fruit quality of grapefruit are strongly influenced by the rootstock used. Also, the interaction between cultivars and rootstocks may be an interesting strategy for the adaptation of cultivars to different climatic areas. Les résultats ont montré que le poids du fruit, ainsi que la taille et l'épaisseur de la peau des fruits des deux cultivars de pomelo étaient sensiblement plus élevés sur les arbres greffés sur Citrus volkameriana que sur ceux greffés sur les autres porte-greffes. Les fruits sur mandarinier Cleopatra ont eu les poids et les diamètres de fruits les plus bas. En outre, le type de porte-greffe a affecté la quantité de jus de fruit et la teneur en solide soluble. Les fruits des cultivars greffés sur oranger amer ont eu des taux de solides solubles totaux de 9,93 % et une teneur en jus de 51 %, tandis que, sur le porte-greffe Citrus volkameriana, ils ont eu 7,81 % de solides solubles totaux et 45,3 % de jus. L'acidité totale des fruits des cultivars greffés sur Citrus volkameriana a eu les valeurs les plus faibles (1,33 %). Pour les deux cultivars de pomelo, aucune différence significative n'a été observée, exceptés la taille d...

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Rootstock as a fruit quality factor in citrus and deciduous tree crops

Cited by 113 publications

References 34 publications

Efeito de porta-enxertos e espaçamentos entre plantas na qualidade de pêssegos 'Aurora-1'

Efeito de porta-enxertos e espaçamentos entre plantas na qualidade de pêssegos 'Aurora-1'

Between-tree variation in fruit quality and fruit mineral concentrations of Hass avocados

Effects of citrus rootstocks on fruit yield and quality of Ruby Red and Marsh grapefruit

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