Rooting and Acclimatization of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) Ex Vitro

Zimmerman, Thomas W.; Williams, Kwame; Joseph, Latashia; Wiltshire, Jay; Kowalski, J.A.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2007.738.97

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Wounding is usually required to achieve rooting perhaps because the wounding-related compounds play a main role in the dedifferentiation phase (de Klerk et al, 1999). The cassava plantlets produced normal roots because cassava is a root crop and does not necessarily require any growth hormones (Zimmerman et al, 2007;Yona et al, 2010). In addition, roots are important role to absorb water and nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Propagation of Manihot Esculenta Crantz ‘Pirun 2’

Vichayanan¹,

Phanmadee²,

Khowean³

et al. 2022

CMUJNS

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In Thailand, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz ‘Pirun 2’) is an important economic crop. The tissue culture technique is used to produce true-to-type cassava plantlets on a large scale within a short period. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the optimum culture medium for cassava axillary bud in vitro propagation. Stem nodes were treated with a solution of 20% (v/v) commercial bleach (25% w/v NaOCl) for 10 minutes. Then, the sterilized buds were cultured on three different types of culture media: Murashige and Skoog (MS), Driver and Kuniyaki Walnut (DKW), and MS supplemented with NAA and BA. Various parameters were evaluated for their effects on plantlet development (height of shoot and numbers of leaves, roots, and shoots after 1 month). The results showed that the mean (± standard deviation) numbers of leaves (6.67 ± 0.82) and roots (2.50 ± 0.55) were significantly higher when they were cultured on MS medium. In addition, the highest number of shoots (3.67±0.82) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.05 mg/l NAA+1 mg/l BA. The cut shoots of plantlets cultured on MS medium without hormones developed into mature plantlets after 1 month. Thus, the MS medium was the optimum for mature cassava Pirun 2 culture. This protocol would be useful for plantlet induction on MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA hormones to produce more shoots and for transfer to MS medium without rooting hormones. Moreover, in vitro derived plantlets were successfully acclimatized on a peat moss which gave the high percentage of transplanting survival (100%). Keywords: Axillary bud, Cassava, Stem node, Surface sterilization, Tissue culture

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Propagation of Manihot Esculenta Crantz ‘Pirun 2’

Vichayanan¹,

Phanmadee²,

Khowean³

et al. 2022

CMUJNS

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“…Use of the media without rooting hormone is a way of reducing the cost of cassava plantlet production. Cassava has been reported as an easy to root crop and does not necessarily require a growth hormone (Zimmerman et al, 2007;Yona et al, 2010). Roots are important in the absorption of water and extraction of nutrients from soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effective nutrient sources for tissue culture of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Ogero¹,

Gitonga²,

Mwangi³

et al. 2012

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Application of tissue culture technology is constrained by high costs making seedlings unaffordable.The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using locally available fertilizers as alternative nutrient sources for cassava micropropagation. A Low Cost Medium (LCM) whereby the conventional sources of four Murashige and Skoog (MS) macronutrients had been replaced with locally available fertilizers was developed. Stanes Iodized Microfood® from Osho Chemical Industries in Nairobi was used as the alternative source of micronutrients. Modified conventional MS medium was used as the control. Both media were supplemented with 30 g/l of table sugar and 3 g/l of gelrite. Two cassava varieties, Muchericheri and KME 1 were regenerated on the two media. Node, leaf and root formation patterns plus plant height were determined and compared. A reduction of 95.50% in nutrient cost was achieved. The two cassava varieties had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher number of nodes on the conventional medium compared to LCM. There were no differences in node formation by the two varieties on the low cost medium during both initiation and multiplication. KME 1 produced significantly more leaves on the LCM compared to Muchericheri during both initiation and multiplication. Acclimatization of plantlets was successful; hence, this protocol can be adopted in cassava regeneration.

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“…En las restantes variables evaluadas no se observaron diferencias significativas, excepto en la longitud de las plantas (cm) lo cual al parecer resulta de las diferencias genéticas entre las variedades (Tabla 4). Oliveira et al (2000) reportaron la aclimatación exitosa de plantas de yuca obtenidas por cultivo de tejidos; otros autores, en cambio, informaron una elevada mortalidad en esta etapa (Zimmerman et al, 2007;Marín et al, 2008), que puede llegar hasta el 95% si no se realiza con la tecnología adecuada (Segovia et al, 2002;Albarrán et al, 2011). En esta investigación, los altos porcentajes de supervivencia alcanzados pueden deberse a que se hizo una pre-aclimatación, según lo recomendado por Bonilla et al (2015) antes de exponer a las plantas a las condiciones naturales.…”

Section: Aclimataciónunclassified