Root-Specific Reduction of Cytokinin Causes Enhanced Root Growth, Drought Tolerance, and Leaf Mineral Enrichment in <i>Arabidopsis</i> and Tobacco

Werner, Tomáš; Nehnevajova, Erika; Köllmer, Ireen; Novák, Ondřej; Strnad, Miroslav; Krämer, Ute; Schmülling, Thomas

doi:10.1105/tpc.109.072694

Cited by 435 publications

(400 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Genes involved in CK degradation, namely CKX1, CKX2, CKX3, and CKX5, were repressed in max2 mutant under normal and dehydrative conditions (Dataset S7). These genes have previously been correlated with stress and ABA responses (16)(17)(18). Thus, the down-regulation of a number of genes with known links to stress-, ABA-, and CK-signaling pathways is concomitant with reduced drought and salt tolerance of max mutant plants, clearly establishing the link of SL with plant stress responses.…”

Section: S4mentioning

confidence: 83%

Positive regulatory role of strigolactone in plant responses to drought and salt stress

Leyva‐González²,

Osakabe

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

541

461

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This report provides direct evidence that strigolactone (SL) positively regulates drought and high salinity responses in Arabidopsis. Both SL-deficient and SL-response [more axillary growth (max)] mutants exhibited hypersensitivity to drought and salt stress, which was associated with shoot-rather than root-related traits. Exogenous SL treatment rescued the drought-sensitive phenotype of the SL-deficient mutants but not of the SL-response mutant, and enhanced drought tolerance of WT plants, confirming the role of SL as a positive regulator in stress response. In agreement with the drought-sensitive phenotype, max mutants exhibited increased leaf stomatal density relative to WT and slower abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. Compared with WT, the max mutants exhibited increased leaf water loss rate during dehydration and decreased ABA responsiveness during germination and postgermination. Collectively, these results indicate that cross-talk between SL and ABA plays an important role in integrating stress signals to regulate stomatal development and function. Additionally, a comparative microarray analysis of the leaves of the SL-response max2 mutant and WT plants under normal and dehydrative conditions revealed an SL-mediated network controlling plant responses to stress via many stress-and/or ABA-responsive and cytokinin metabolism-related genes. Our results demonstrate that plants integrate multiple hormone-response pathways for adaptation to environmental stress. Based on our results, genetic modulation of SL content/response could be applied as a potential approach to reduce the negative impact of abiotic stress on crop productivity.hormonal regulation | plant adaptation | transcriptome analysis

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Section: S4mentioning

confidence: 83%

Positive regulatory role of strigolactone in plant responses to drought and salt stress

Leyva‐González²,

Osakabe

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

541

461

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“…cDNA synthesis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR, and data analysis were performed as described by Werner et al (2010) using 7500 FAST Software_v2.0.1 (Applied Biosystems). In addition to UBC10, we used At3g25800 as a reference gene for normalization (Czechowski et al, 2005).…”

Section: Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The ArabidopsisTUMOR PRONE5Gene Encodes an Acetylornithine Aminotransferase Required for Arginine Biosynthesis and Root Meristem Maintenance in Blue Light

et al. 2013

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Arginine is an essential amino acid necessary for protein synthesis and is also a nitrogen storage compound. The genes encoding the enzymes of arginine biosynthesis in plants are not well characterized and have mainly been predicted from homologies to bacterial and fungal genes. We report the cloning and characterization of the TUMOR PRONE5 (TUP5) gene of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) encoding an acetylornithine aminotransferase (ACOAT), catalyzing the fourth step of arginine biosynthesis. The free arginine content was strongly reduced in the chemically induced recessive mutant tup5-1, root growth was restored by supplementation with arginine and its metabolic precursors, and a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ACOAT mutant was complemented by TUP5. Two null alleles of TUP5 caused a reduced viability of gametes and embryo lethality, possibly caused by insufficient Arg supply from maternal tissue. TUP5 expression is positively regulated by light, and a TUP5-green fluorescent protein was localized in chloroplasts. tup5-1 has a unique light-dependent short root phenotype. Roots of light-grown tup5-1 seedlings switch from indeterminate growth to determinate growth with arresting cell production and an exhausted root apical meristem. The inhibitory activity was specific for blue light, and the inhibiting light was perceived by the root. Thus, tup5-1 reveals a novel role of amino acids and blue light in regulating root meristem function.

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“…In Arabidopsis thaliana (At), cytokinin (CK) was reported to play a negative role in the adaptation of plants to stresses (8,9). Within the CK signaling cascade, all three CK receptor Arabidopsis HKs-AHK2, AHK3, and AHK4/cytokinin response 1 (CRE1)-are known to be involved in the response to cold, drought, and salt stresses (10,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis AHP2, AHP3, and AHP5 histidine phosphotransfer proteins function as redundant negative regulators of drought stress response

Nishiyama

Watanabe

Leyva‐González³

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

183

131

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Cytokinin is an essential phytohormone controlling various biological processes, including environmental stress responses. In Arabidopsis, although the cytokinin (CK)-related phosphorelay-consisting of three histidine kinases, five histidine phosphotransfer proteins (AHPs), and a number of response regulators-has been known to be important for stress responses, the AHPs required for CK signaling during drought stress remain elusive. Here, we report that three Arabidopsis AHPs, namely AHP2, AHP3, and AHP5, control responses to drought stress in negative and redundant manner. Loss of function of these three AHP genes resulted in a strong drought-tolerant phenotype that was associated with the stimulation of protective mechanisms. Specifically, cell membrane integrity was improved as well as an increased sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) was observed rather than an alteration in ABA-mediated stomatal closure and density. Consistent with their negative regulatory functions, all three AHP genes' expression was down-regulated by dehydration, which most likely resulted from a stress-induced reduction of endogenous CK levels. Furthermore, global transcriptional analysis of ahp2,3,5 leaves revealed down-regulation of many well-known stress-and/or ABA-responsive genes, suggesting that these three AHPs may control drought response in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent manners. The discovery of mechanisms of activation and the targets of the downstream components of CK signaling involved in stress responses is an important and challenging goal for the study of plant stress regulatory network responses and plant growth. The knowledge gained from this study also has broad potential for biotechnological applications to increase abiotic stress tolerance in plants.microarray analysis | plant adaptation | stress mitigation | two-component system

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Root-Specific Reduction of Cytokinin Causes Enhanced Root Growth, Drought Tolerance, and Leaf Mineral Enrichment in Arabidopsis and Tobacco

Cited by 435 publications

References 97 publications

Positive regulatory role of strigolactone in plant responses to drought and salt stress

Positive regulatory role of strigolactone in plant responses to drought and salt stress

The ArabidopsisTUMOR PRONE5Gene Encodes an Acetylornithine Aminotransferase Required for Arginine Biosynthesis and Root Meristem Maintenance in Blue Light

Arabidopsis AHP2, AHP3, and AHP5 histidine phosphotransfer proteins function as redundant negative regulators of drought stress response

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