Root reinforcement effect of different grass species: A comparison between experimental and models results

Comino, Elena; Marengo, Paolo; Rolli, Valentina

doi:10.1016/j.still.2010.06.006

Cited by 89 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Meanwhile, many claim root tensile strength depends on its diameter (e.g. Tosi 2007;Comino et al 2010). Interestingly, Zhang et al (2014) performed biomechanical and biochemical tests to determine why root tensile strength tends to decrease with increasing root diameter.…”

Section: Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang et al 2012). To estimate the strength of soil permeated with roots, various direct shear tests (Waldron 1977;Mickovski et al 2010;Stanczak and Oumeraci 2012) and in situ tests (Endo and Tsuruta 1969;Fan and Chen 2010;Comino et al 2010) were carried out. The increase in shear strength is often considered to be due to the roots via several mechanisms such as stretching, sliding, pullout and breakage (Waldron and Dakessian 1981).…”

Section: Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Damage to grass dikes due to wave overtopping

2016

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Abstract:Grass covers have been applied as an effective measure for protecting river levees and sea dikes. We conducted experiments to show how roots considerably improve the shear strength of soil on dike slopes. Roots of 1-year-old Bermuda and Carpet grass may increase the total shear strength of up to 20 kPa. Exposed to severe overtopping flow, dike slopes may possibly fail in various manners including 'head-cut', 'roll-up' and 'collapse'. The ratio between shear strength of the grass cover and its subsoil layer would get a value of two to distinguish the first two manners and would be zero for the last one. To some extent, the findings contribute to the basis for thoughtfully investigating the strength and failure mechanism of grass-covered slopes.

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Section: Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage to grass dikes due to wave overtopping

2016

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“…Root area ratio was defined as the fraction of the soil cross sectional area occupied by roots per unit of the excavated area (Comino et al, 2010) and it was assumed that roots are circular in crosssection. Excavations were executed (1.0 m wide and at least 0.80 m bgl) at a distance of approximately 0.5 m from the tree.…”

Section: Field Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Root Reinforcement Exemplified by Black Alder (Alnus Glutinosa Gaertn.) and Basket Willow (Salix Viminalis) Root Systems – Case Study in Poland

Zydroń¹

2018

Appl. Ecol. Env. Res.

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Zydroń -Skórski: The effect of root reinforcement exemplified by black alder and basket willow root systems - Abstract. This paper is focused on evaluation of the effect of roots of two species -black alder (Alnus glutinosa Gaerin.) and basket willow (Salix viminalis) on the increase in soil shear strength (root cohesion). The second aim of the paper was to compare the results of calculating root cohesion using the classical Wu/Waldron model and selected fiber bundle models, especially in the context of determining the influence of the criterion of distribution of stresses on calculation results. The research on the studied plant species was conducted on a seven-year plantation of energy crops located in Krakow, Poland, where the test area was modified by covering the natural site by anthropogenic soil. In order to determine the root cohesion site investigations, which included measurements of root area ratio, and laboratory tests, which included determination of root tensile strength, were conducted. The results of root cohesion calculation revealed that the studied species have relatively low values of this parameter. It was also shown that fiber bundle models yield lower values of root cohesion than the classic Wu-Waldron model. Among the fiber bundle models, the lowest values of the investigated parameter were obtained using the deformation model that takes into account the function of probability distribution of root tensile strength.

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“…Alfalfa sprouts (Medicago sativa) were used in the experiments to simulate natural vegetation [60][61][62][63], because the cohesion provided by alfalfa roots to non-cohesive sand has a magnitude comparable to that in natural river banks provided by root-reinforcement [63,64]. In this study, alfalfa seeds were seeded manually as uniformly as possible over the entire experimental sand surface.…”

Section: General Description Of the Flume Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%