Root organogenesis from single cells released from the root cap of Medicago sp.

Hawes, Martha C.; Smith, L. Y.; Stephenson, Martha B.

doi:10.1007/bf00157595

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…During growth of the plant, new layers produced by the stem cells replace the outermost root cap layers, which are sloughed off. These border cells are not shed in a manner analogous to the dead outer layers of skin in animals but are intact, viable cells that can even be cultured to form callus (Hawes et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SOMBRERO, BEARSKIN1, and BEARSKIN2 Regulate Root Cap Maturation inArabidopsis

et al. 2010

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The root cap has a central role in root growth, determining the growth trajectory and facilitating penetration into the soil. Root cap cells have specialized functions and morphologies, and border cells are released into the rhizosphere by specific cell wall modifications. Here, we demonstrate that the cellular maturation of root cap is redundantly regulated by three genes, SOMBRERO (SMB), BEARSKIN1 (BRN1), and BRN2, which are members of the Class IIB NAC transcription factor family, together with the VASCULAR NAC DOMAIN (VND) and NAC SECONDARY WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTOR (NST) genes that regulate secondary cell wall synthesis in specialized cell types. Lateral cap cells in smb-3 mutants continue to divide and fail to detach from the root, phenotypes that are independent of FEZ upregulation in smb-3. In brn1-1 brn2-1 double mutants, columella cells fail to detach, while in triple mutants, cells fail to mature in all parts of the cap. This complex genetic redundancy involves differences in expression, protein activity, and target specificity. All three genes have very similar overexpression phenotypes to the VND/NST genes, indicating that members of this family are largely functionally equivalent. Our results suggest that Class IIB NAC proteins regulate cell maturation in cells that undergo terminal differentiation with strong cell wall modifications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SOMBRERO, BEARSKIN1, and BEARSKIN2 Regulate Root Cap Maturation inArabidopsis

et al. 2010

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“…It was highly possible that these organelles included the target molecules; because the fluorescence indicated that chemical probe (1) was translocated and reacted at there. It has been understood that the root cap cells have specialized functions by the specific CW modification accompanying subcellular organization [ 10 , 11 ]. Border-like cells are naturally-released top areas as defensive protection for the root in Brassicaceae species [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 ). Further analysis indicated that these clear fluorescent particles were located in the columella cells, which are commonly known to be active in the cell differentiation accompanying the cell wall modification [ 10 , 11 ]. Of note, some small fluorescent organelles were clearly identified in the detaching root cap cells, called border-like cells ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent labeling of the root cap cells with the bioactive NBD-S chemical probe based on the cellulose biosynthesis inhibition herbicides

Tamogami

Agrawal²,

Rakwal

2021

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

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Development of the methods to examine the molecular targets of biologically active compounds is one of the most important subjects in experimental biology/biochemistry. To evaluate the usability of the (7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole)-thioether (NBD-S) probe for this purpose, bioactive chemical probe (1) as the cellulose biosynthesis (CB) inhibitor was synthesized and tested. As a result, a variety of fluorescently-labeled particles and organelles were found in the columella root cap cells of radish plants. Of note, well-defined cellular organelles were clearly recognized in the detaching root cap cells (border-like cells). These results imply that the bioactive NBD-S chemical probe could be a valuable direct-labeling reagent. Analysis of these fluorescent substances would be helpful in providing new information on defined molecular targets and events.

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“…These are border cells (Hawes and Lin, 1990;Hawes and Brigham, 1992). Border cells remain alive after they are released (Hawes and Pueppke, 1986;Hawes et al, 1991) and they appear to be involved in conditioning the environment of the growing root tip. In particular, they may act to control the microbial populations found in the rhizosphere (Brigham et al, 1995(Brigham et al, , 1999Niemira et al, 1996;Zhu et al, 1997;Hawes et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transformed roots of Artemisia annua exhibit an unusual pattern of border cell release

Weathers

Kim

2001

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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Border cells from Artemisia annua were examined from hairy roots grown in shake flasks, culture plates, a bubble column reactor, and a nutrient mist (aeroponic) reactor. When well-hydrated roots were subjected to shear, border cells were first released as an agglomerate and did not disperse for several hours. Staining with neutral red and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) showed that both agglomerates and dispersed cells were alive. It was determined that FDA is cleaved by pectin methylesterase (PME) and that PME may not be particularly active in the released agglomerates until the border cells disperse. Untransformed roots isolated from A. annua plants showed no border cell agglomerate formation and border cells readily dispersed. These results suggest that our hairy root clone is deficient in border cell release perhaps resulting from the transformation process.

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Root organogenesis from single cells released from the root cap of Medicago sp.

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

SOMBRERO, BEARSKIN1, and BEARSKIN2 Regulate Root Cap Maturation inArabidopsis

SOMBRERO, BEARSKIN1, and BEARSKIN2 Regulate Root Cap Maturation inArabidopsis

Fluorescent labeling of the root cap cells with the bioactive NBD-S chemical probe based on the cellulose biosynthesis inhibition herbicides

Transformed roots of Artemisia annua exhibit an unusual pattern of border cell release

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