Root interactions between intercropped legumes and non-legumes—a competition study of red clover and red beet at different nitrogen levels

Andersen, Sally Nordlund; Dresbøll, Dorte Bodin; Thorup‐Kristensen, Kristian

doi:10.1007/s11104-013-2014-4

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Consequently, low P and high cost for N 2 fixation inhibited the growth of faba bean throughout the growth period. Our results support the notion that a small difference in early competition exerts a large effect on overall competition during the whole crop development phase 56 . In the presence of AMF the significant correlations between biomass production of faba bean and N and P uptake throughout the growth period indicate that N and P are synergistically enhanced by AMF and consequently lead to increased competitive ability of faba bean ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Enhancement of faba bean competitive ability by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is highly correlated with dynamic nutrient acquisition by competing wheat

Qiao

Bei

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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The mechanistic understanding of the dynamic processes linking nutrient acquisition and biomass production of competing individuals can be instructive in optimizing intercropping systems. Here, we examine the effect of inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae on competitive dynamics between wheat and faba bean. Wheat is less responsive to mycorrhizal inoculation. Both inoculated and uninoculated wheat attained the maximum instantaneous N and P capture approximately five days before it attained the maximum instantaneous biomass production, indicating that wheat detected the competitor and responded physiologically to resource limitation prior to the biomass response. By contrast, the instantaneous N and P capture by uninoculated faba bean remained low throughout the growth period, and plant growth was not significantly affected by competing wheat. However, inoculation substantially enhanced biomass production and N and P acquisition of faba bean. The exudation of citrate and malate acids and acid phosphatase activity were greater in mycorrhizal than in uninoculated faba bean, and rhizosphere pH tended to decrease. We conclude that under N and P limiting conditions, temporal separation of N and P acquisition by competing plant species and enhancement of complementary resource use in the presence of AMF might be attributable to the competitive co-existence of faba bean and wheat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Enhancement of faba bean competitive ability by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is highly correlated with dynamic nutrient acquisition by competing wheat

Qiao

Bei

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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“…This is in contrast to Gass et al . () who found that at soil depths below 1.2 m, 15 N recovery was prohibited by the high level of residual N. On the other hand, early season fertilizer was found to increase overall growth and 15 N uptake from 0.6 m depth in beetroot in a glasshouse experiment (Andersen et al ., ). The results of the 15 N uptake confirmed the relatively deep root depth found by the minirhizotron method and the ability for deep (1.1 m) N uptake by rocket, although root intensity was small at this depth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The increase in seeding (plant) density as well as leaf harvesting may be two management strategies that influence root growth and aboveground sink strength for N in opposite directions, as reported for monocots (Mackie‐Dawson, ; Dai et al ., ). As N applications increase the availability of inorganic N (N inorg ) in shallow soil layers, smaller N fertilizer applications may improve NUE through the stimulation of N uptake by deeper roots, although the effect on root growth is unclear (Kristensen & Thorup‐Kristensen, ; Stavridou et al ., ; Andersen et al ., ). This could be achieved for example by reducing the amount of fertilizer given in frequent applications or reducing applications given in the late growth phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Deep root growth and nitrogen uptake by rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L.) as affected by nitrogen fertilizer, plant density and leaf harvesting on a coarse sandy soil

Kristensen

Stavridou

2017

Soil Use and Management

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This study investigated management strategies to increase deep root growth and crop nitrogen (N) uptake by rocket grown as baby leaf in coarse sandy soil. Stage I (sowing to first harvest) measured the effects of two sowing densities and two N fertilizer rates on root growth and total N uptake. In Stage II (first to second harvest), effects of leaf harvesting and late season N fertilizer application on root growth, total N uptake and deep 15 N uptake were measured. At the end of Stage I, root depth was 0.68-0.90 m, and the large fertilizer application increased N uptake. Plant density increased root depth, N uptake and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) early in this stage and biomass production at harvest. Leaf harvesting in Stage II affected root density but not root depth that reached 1.4 m. The ability for N uptake was greater from 0.6 m due to more roots and larger N inflow than from 1.1 m depth. Late season fertilizer increased N concentration and uptake but did not affect NUE and deep N uptake. During the growing season, 330-349 kg N inorg /ha was lost from 0 to 1.0 m depth most likely by leaching. Management practices that increased root growth and N uptake were found to increase NUE in rocket production early in the season. The production system used N inefficiently and smaller applications, plant density, leaf harvesting and other changes of management are required to reduce leaching.

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“…Root morphological and physiological plasticity is determined by various environmental factors, such as availability of soil resources and their distribution (Jackson et al, 1990;Hutchings & de Kroon, 1994;Hodge, 2004;Cahill et al, 2010;Andersen et al, 2014). Soil nutrient availability can profoundly affect root morphology and physiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased soil phosphorus availability induced by faba bean root exudation stimulates root growth and phosphorus uptake in neighbouring maize

et al. 2015

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SummaryRoot growth is influenced by soil nutrients and neighbouring plants, but how these two drivers affect root interactions and regulate plant growth dynamics is poorly understood. Here, interactions between the roots of maize (Zea mays) and faba bean (Vicia faba) are characterized.Maize was grown alone (maize) or with maize (maize/maize) or faba bean (maize/faba bean) as competitors under five levels of phosphorus (P) supply, and with homogeneous or heterogeneous P distribution.Maize had longer root length and greater shoot biomass and P content when grown with faba bean than with maize. At each P supply rate, faba bean had a smaller root system than maize but greater exudation of citrate and acid phosphatase, suggesting a greater capacity to mobilize P in the rhizosphere. Heterogeneous P availability enhanced the root-length density of maize but not faba bean. Maize root proliferation in the P-rich patches was associated with increased shoot P uptake.Increased P availability by localized P application or by the presence of faba bean exudation stimulated root morphological plasticity and increased shoot growth in maize in the maize/faba bean mixture, suggesting that root interactions of neighbouring plants can be modified by increased P availability.

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Root interactions between intercropped legumes and non-legumes—a competition study of red clover and red beet at different nitrogen levels

Abstract: Root interactions between intercropped legumes and non-legumes-a competition study of red clover and red beet at different nitrogen levels.

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Enhancement of faba bean competitive ability by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is highly correlated with dynamic nutrient acquisition by competing wheat

Enhancement of faba bean competitive ability by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is highly correlated with dynamic nutrient acquisition by competing wheat

Deep root growth and nitrogen uptake by rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L.) as affected by nitrogen fertilizer, plant density and leaf harvesting on a coarse sandy soil

Increased soil phosphorus availability induced by faba bean root exudation stimulates root growth and phosphorus uptake in neighbouring maize

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