Root Hair-Specific EXPANSIN B Genes Have Been Selected for Graminaceae Root Hairs

Won, Su-Kyung; Choi, Sang‐Bong; Kumari, Simple; Cho, Misuk; Lee, Sang Ho; Cho, Hyung-Taeg

doi:10.1007/s10059-010-0127-7

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Three expansins, which are encoded by HvEXPB1 (Kwasniewski and Szarejko, 2006), OsEXPB5, and OsEXPA17 (Won et al, 2010;ZhiMing et al, 2011), have been proven to be involved in RH initiation and elongation. Mutant analysis showed that the HvEXPB1 transcript is present in the root but not in the shoot (Kwasniewski and Szarejko, 2006).…”

Section: "Tis Within Ourselves That We Are Thus or Thus": Elongationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root Hair Development in the Grasses: What We Already Know and What We Still Need to Know

2015

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ORCID IDs: 0000-0002-5261-6662 (M.Ma.); 0000-0001-7390-7234 (I.S.).A priority in many crop improvement programs for a long time has been to enhance the tolerance level of plants to both abiotic and biotic stress. Recognition that the root system is the prime determinant of a plant's ability to extract both water and minerals from the soil implies that its architecture is an important variable underlying a cultivar's adaptation. The density and/or length of the root hairs (RHs) that are formed are thought to have a major bearing on the plant's performance under stressful conditions. Any attempt to improve a crop's root system will require a detailed understanding of the processes of RH differentiation. Recent progress in uncovering the molecular basis of root epidermis specialization has been recorded in the grasses. This review seeks to present the current view of RH differentiation in grass species. It combines what has been learned from molecular-based analyses, histological studies, and observation of the phenotypes of both laboratory-and field-grown plants.

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Section: "Tis Within Ourselves That We Are Thus or Thus": Elongationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…elongation (Won et al, 2010). A rice line that produced RHs that were 70% shorter than those of the wild type has been shown to harbor a single nucleotide variant for OsEXPA17.…”

Section: "Tis Within Ourselves That We Are Thus or Thus": Elongationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Hair Development in the Grasses: What We Already Know and What We Still Need to Know

2015

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“…The quantification of PM-localized PIN:GFP signals was performed using the histogram function of Adobe Photoshop (Won et al, 2010). For the root gravitropism assay, light-grown 3-d-old seedlings were turned 90°in Figure 3A and 135°in Figure 3B for 12 h in the dark before observing root bending.…”

Section: Measurement Of Biological Factors and Observation Of Reportementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of the Hydrophilic Loop in Intracellular Trafficking of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED Proteins

et al. 2014

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Different PIN-FORMED proteins (PINs) contribute to intercellular and intracellular auxin transport, depending on their distinctive subcellular localizations. Arabidopsis thaliana PINs with a long hydrophilic loop (HL) (PIN1 to PIN4 and PIN7; long PINs) localize predominantly to the plasma membrane (PM), whereas short PINs (PIN5 and PIN8) localize predominantly to internal compartments. However, the subcellular localization of the short PINs has been observed mostly for PINs ectopically expressed in different cell types, and the role of the HL in PIN trafficking remains unclear. Here, we tested whether a long PIN-HL can provide its original molecular cues to a short PIN by transplanting the HL. The transplanted long PIN2-HL was sufficient for phosphorylation and PM trafficking of the chimeric PIN5:PIN2-HL but failed to provide the characteristic polarity of PIN2. Unlike previous observations, PIN5 showed clear PM localization in diverse cell types where PIN5 is natively or ectopically expressed and even polar PM localization in one cell type. Furthermore, in the root epidermis, the subcellular localization of PIN5 switched from PM to internal compartments according to the developmental stage. Our results suggest that the long PIN-HL is partially modular for the trafficking behavior of PINs and that the intracellular trafficking of PIN is plastic depending on cell type and developmental stage.

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“…Many functional orthologs of AtEXPA7 (i.e., EXPA-like genes exhibiting root hair-specific expression) have been identified experimentally among monocots and eudicots (Kim et al, 2006). Recently, we identified two root hair-specific EXPBs in rice and barley (Won et al, 2010). These genes encode proteins that may be specific for root hair growth in the Poaceae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Hair-Specific EXPANSIN A7 Is Required for Root Hair Elongation in Arabidopsis

Lin

Choi

Cho

2011

Molecules and Cells

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107

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Expansins are non-hydrolytic cell wall-loosening proteins that are involved in the cell wall modifications that underlie many plant developmental processes. Root hair growth requires the accumulation of cell wall materials and dynamic cell wall modification at the tip region. Although several lines of indirect evidence support the idea that expansin-mediated wall modification occurs during root hair growth, the involvement of these proteins remains to be demonstrated in vivo. In this study, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to examine the biological function of Arabidopsis thaliana EXPANSIN A7 (AtEXPA7), which is expressed specifically in the root hair cell. The root hairspecific AtEXPA7 promoter was used to drive RNAi expression, which targeted two independent regions in the AtEXPA7 transcript. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analyses were used to examine AtEXPA7 transcript levels. In four independent RNAi transformant lines, RNAi expression reduced AtEXPA7 transcript levels by 25-58% compared to controls. Accordingly, the root hairs of RNAi transformant lines were 25-48% shorter than control plants and exhibited a broader range of lengths than the controls. Our results provide in vivo evidence that expansins are required for root hair tip growth.

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Root Hair-Specific EXPANSIN B Genes Have Been Selected for Graminaceae Root Hairs

Cited by 60 publications

References 30 publications

Root Hair Development in the Grasses: What We Already Know and What We Still Need to Know

Root Hair Development in the Grasses: What We Already Know and What We Still Need to Know

Functional Analysis of the Hydrophilic Loop in Intracellular Trafficking of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED Proteins

Root Hair-Specific EXPANSIN A7 Is Required for Root Hair Elongation in Arabidopsis

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