Root growth, water uptake, and sap flow of winter wheat in response to different soil water conditions

Cai, Gaochao; Vanderborght, Jan; Langensiepen, Matthias; Schnepf, Andrea; Hüging, Hubert; Vereecken, Harry

doi:10.5194/hess-22-2449-2018

Cited by 58 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In addition to updating water stress, PHS implements updated RWU, consistent with hydraulic theory (Cai et al, ; Warren et al, ). The parameterization of RWU affects the vertical distribution of soil water (Figures and S9), as SMS tends to achieve drier upper soil layers, whereas PHS spreads the drying effects of transpiration over a larger vertical extent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing Plant Hydraulics in the Community Land Model, Version 5

Kennedy

Swenson

Oleson

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

279

335

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Version 5 of the Community Land Model (CLM5) introduces the plant hydraulic stress (PHS) configuration of vegetation water use, which is described and compared with the corresponding parameterization from CLM4.5. PHS updates vegetation water stress and root water uptake to better reflect plant hydraulic theory, advancing the physical basis of the model. The new configuration introduces prognostic vegetation water potential, modeled at the root, stem, and leaf levels. Leaf water potential replaces soil potential as the basis for stomatal conductance water stress, and root water potential is used to implement hydraulic root water uptake, replacing a transpiration partitioning function. Point simulations of a tropical forest site (Caxiuanã, Brazil) under ambient conditions and partial precipitation exclusion highlight the differences between PHS and the previous CLM implementation. Model description and simulation results are contextualized with a list of benefits and limitations of the new model formulation, including hypotheses that were not testable in previous versions of the model. Key results include reductions in transpiration and soil moisture biases relative to a control model under both ambient and exclusion conditions, correcting excessive dry season soil moisture stress in the control model. PHS implements hydraulic gradient root water uptake, which allows hydraulic redistribution and compensatory root water uptake and results in PHS utilizing a larger portion of the soil column to buffer shortfalls in precipitation. The new model structure, which bases water stress on leaf water potential, could have significant implications for vegetation-climate feedbacks, including increased sensitivity of photosynthesis to atmospheric vapor pressure deficit.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing Plant Hydraulics in the Community Land Model, Version 5

Kennedy

Swenson

Oleson

et al. 2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

279

335

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“…Cai et al. () concluded that new root growth was a mechanism leading to RWU activity increase after rewetting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Green and Clothier (1995) found that root activities after rewetting were greater than during the drying period. Cai et al (2018) concluded that new root growth was a mechanism leading to RWU activity increase after rewetting.…”

Section: Resumption Of Rwu After Rewettingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roots are highly sensitive to water stress (Jha et al, 2017). Root water uptake is an important process for plants because it regulates nutrient transport, water balance, and yield (Cai et al, 2018;Xue, Zhu, Musick, Stewart, & Dusek, 2003). It is almost impossible to select a reasonable water management method without understanding RWU and soil moisture dynamics (Jha et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Modelling root water uptake under deficit irrigation and rewetting in Northwest China

et al. 2020

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The spatial and temporal distribution of root water uptake (RWU) under deficit irrigation are critical factors for crop growth. The SWAP (soil–water–atmosphere–plant) model was applied to analyze the pattern of RWU for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under three irrigation levels: no water deficit (100% evapotranspiration [ET]), moderate water deficit (80% ET) and severe water deficit (60% ET). The 2–yr experiments indicated that SWAP was highly accurate (mean relative error [MRE] <21.7%, root mean square error [RMSE] <0.07 cm3 cm−3) in simulating the soil water content (SWC). Root water uptake was significantly (P < 0.01) different in the 0‐ to 60‐cm soil layer. The 0‐ to 60‐cm soil layer was the main source of RWU, and the average value accounted for 89.4% of the total root zone. Water stress had the greatest adverse effect on heading to grain filling, reducing RWU by 0.0026 cm3 cm−3 d−1. The critical SWC was 67.9% of the field capacity, when the RWU dropped to 95% of the control treatment. After rewetting, compensation and hysteresis effects on RWU were observed. The ranking of RWU recovery ability after rewetting was: emergence to jointing > jointing to heading > grain filling to maturity > heading to grain filling. Recovery time of RWU was 2 to 11 d and gradually increased with growth stage. The simplified RWU model established using path analysis and regression performed well (R2 = 0.836; P < 0.01) for RWU. This provided a more convenient way to accurately estimate RWU with fewer variables.

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“…Because root system conductance tends to scale with root length, the root conductance per unit root length was assumed invariant in order to accommodate for root growth. Such a constraint also matters when accounting for the spatial heterogeneity of root development under different soil/microclimate environments in macroscale simulations [101] . …”

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confidence: 99%

Connecting the dots between computational tools to analyse soil-root water relations

Passot

Couvreur

Meunier

et al. 2018

Preprint

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In the recent years, many computational tools, such as image analysis, data management, processbased simulation and upscaling tools, were developed to help quantify and understand water flow in the soilroot system, at multiple scales (tissue, organ, plant and population). Several of these tools work together or, at least, are compatible. However, for the uninformed researcher, they might seem disconnected, forming a unclear and disorganised succession of tools.In this article, we present how different pieces of work can be further developed by connecting them to analyse soilrootwater relations in a comprehensive and structured network. This "explicit network of soilroot computational tools" informs the reader about existing tools and help them understand how their data (past and future) might fit within the network. We also demonstrate the novel possibilities of scaleconsistent parameterizations made possible by the network with a set of case studies from the literature. Finally, we discuss existing gaps in the network and how we can move forward to fill them.. CC-BY 4.0 International license It is made available under a was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint (which . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/312918 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online May. 9, 2018; Passot, Couvreur, Meunier et al. 2018 Tools for the analysis of water relations Preprint HighlightsMany computational tools exist to quantify water flow in the soilroot system. These tools can be arranged in a comprehensive network that can be leveraged to better interpret experimental data. KeywordsComputational tools, image analysis, simulation, network, root, soil, water was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint (which . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/312918 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online May. 9, 2018; Passot, Couvreur, Meunier et al. 2018 Tools for the analysis of water relations Preprint Glossary TermDefinition Reference Standard Uptake FractionRelative distribution of root water uptake between root segments when water is equally available in space (units: %)[1]High pressure flow meter Device designed to measure the root system conductance by perfusing pressurized water into a root system opposite from the natural direction of the transpiration stream[2]Root pressure probe Device designed to measure the hydraulic conductance of a single root through variations of water pressure and flow at the cut end of a root [3] Cell pressure probe Device designed to measure the hydraulic conductivity of the membranes of a single plant cell by observing the relaxation time of water pressure pulses applied to the cell Upscaled property System property that is an output of the model, at a higher scale than the input parameters. For instance, the root radial conductivity is an upscaled property of models of root organ water f...

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Root growth, water uptake, and sap flow of winter wheat in response to different soil water conditions

Cited by 58 publications

References 73 publications

Implementing Plant Hydraulics in the Community Land Model, Version 5

Implementing Plant Hydraulics in the Community Land Model, Version 5

Modelling root water uptake under deficit irrigation and rewetting in Northwest China

Connecting the dots between computational tools to analyse soil-root water relations

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