Root growth inhibition effects of holorganic moder humus layer under spruce (Picea abies KARST.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)

Weiß, Franz; Vanpraag, Hj.

doi:10.1007/bf00010904

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, it is unclear how tree species influence the chemical properties of DOM and especially of POM in TF, SF and FF leachates and hence how they subsequently affect soil processes by varying chemical compositions and associated functionalities. In this context, beech trees potentially exhibit the highest amounts of phenolics in leaves (Bussotti et al, 1998), bark (Dübeler et al, 1997), wood (Mämmelä, 2001) and roots (Weissen and Van Praag, 1991) compared to co-occurring species. Phenolic compounds released from living or dead plant material have been shown to function as allelochemicals, affecting associated species (Rice, 1984;Wardle et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of dissolved and total organic matter in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of central European forests

et al. 2015

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Abstract. We present the first investigation of the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) compared to total organic matter (TOM, consisting of DOM, < 0.45 µm and particulate organic matter 0.45 µm < POM < 500 µm) in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) forests using solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We hypothesized that the composition and properties of organic matter (OM) in forest ecosystem water samples differ between DOM and TOM and between the two tree species.The 13 C NMR results, derived from 21 samples, point to pronounced differences in the composition of DOM and TOM in throughfall solution at the beech sites, with TOM exhibiting higher relative intensities for the alkyl C region, which represents aliphatic C from less decomposed organic material compared to DOM. Furthermore, TOM shows lower intensities for lignin-derived and aromatic C of the aryl C region resulting in lower aromaticity indices and a diminished degree of humification. Across the ecosystem compartments, differences in the structural composition of DOM and TOM under beech lessened in the following order: throughfall > stemflow ≈ forest floor leachate.In contrast to the broadleaved sites, differences between DOM and TOM in throughfall solution under spruce were less pronounced and spectra were, overall, dominated by the alkyl C region, representing aliphatic C. Explanations of the reported results might be substantiated in differences in tree species-specific structural effects, leaching characteristics or differences in the microbial community of the tree species' phyllosphere and cortisphere. However, the fact that throughfall DOM under beech showed the highest intensities of recalcitrant aromatic and phenolic C among all samples analysed likely points to a high allelopathic potential of beech trees negatively affecting other organisms and hence ecosystem processes and functions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of dissolved and total organic matter in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of central European forests

et al. 2015

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“…It is suggested that pollution of atmospheric origin, which decreases the amounts of exchangeable basic elements of the Of 2-Oh layers and could modify the rate of organic matter decomposition, may aggravate inhibition. Moreover, it has been mentioned that a slight lime dressing can eliminate inhibition in forest stands (Weissen and Van Praag, 1991), and improve site quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soil solutions used were extracted from soils of 3 sites: a) soil of beech stand C40 described in the previous paper (Weissen and Van Praag, 1991 …”

Section: The Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first part of this paper (Weissen and Van Praag, 1991), symptoms of root growth inhibition were described; these appear in the holorganic layers where rooting density is high: the Of 2 and Oh-organic layers. The first holorganic layer, the litter layer O L is not colonized by roots in the case of moder humus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a plot having received 2200 kg ha-~ calcium cyanamide, five years earlier, the concentration increased up to 570ppm. Calcium cyanamide, like lime, eliminates organic matter-inhibitory effects on root growth (Weissen and Van Praag, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root growth inhibition of the holorganic layer of moder humus under spruce (Picae abies KARST.) and beech (Fagus Silvatica L.)

Praag¹,

Motte²,

Monseur³

et al. 1991

Plant Soil

Self Cite

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A test of root growth inhibition of spruce and beech roots, according to Lynch's procedure (1977), shows the inhibitory effects of soil solution extracted from the holorganic layers (Of2-Oh) under beech and spruce. Molecular gel filtration of soil solutions shows that the molecular weights vary over a wide range, from less than 100 to over 40,000 daltons.Chemical analysis, using CGC, HPLC and sometimes MS shows only negligible concentrations of simple aliphatic (C1-C5) and aromatic acids in the free state.Using the fraction scheme of Forsyth (1977) and the carbazole procedure, it is shown that uronic acids represent only a small percentage of the carboxylic acids, and have no inhibitory effects on root growth.By analogy with results of other authors, the presence of polycarboxylic acids in the soil solution are considered to be the main cause of root growth inhibition.

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Factors toxic to beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings in acid soils

Ljungström

Stjernquist

1993

Plant Soil

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The effects of highly and moderately acid soils on total biomass, biomass partitioning, fine root characteristics and nutritional status of beech seedlings (Fagus sylvatica L.) were studied in a growth chamber experiment. In Haplic Arenosols seedlings grew slowly but equally well without damage symptoms in a highly acid and a moderately acid soil horizon. The moderately acid A h + B w-horizon of a Eutric Cambisol was favourable to seedling growth. The fine root development was reduced in the highly acid A + Bw-horizon of a Dystric Cambisol and in the A h + E-horizon of a Haplic Podzol, the latter of which also caused increased mortality. Seedling growth in the Bz-horizon of the Haplic Podzol was vigorous, in spite of a higher level of extractable AI and lower base saturation as compared with the A h + E-horizon. These results are interpreted in relation to soil acidity, soil A1 and nutritional status of the seedlings. We conclude that neither Al-toxieity nor nutrient deficiency cause the damage symptoms observed in the A h + E-horizon of a Haplic Podzol and the fine root reduction in the A + Bw-horizon of a Dystric Cambisol. The damage symptoms of the PZh A treatment seems to be more the result of H-toxicity or H-related factors other than nutrient shortage or Al-toxicity. Other pH-related toxic factors are discussed.

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Root growth inhibition effects of holorganic moder humus layer under spruce (Picea abies KARST.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Properties of dissolved and total organic matter in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of central European forests

Properties of dissolved and total organic matter in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of central European forests

Root growth inhibition of the holorganic layer of moder humus under spruce (Picae abies KARST.) and beech (Fagus Silvatica L.)

Factors toxic to beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings in acid soils

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