Root growth and spatial distribution characteristics for seedlings raised in substrate and transplanted cotton

Zhi, Xiaoyu; Han, Yingchun; Li, Yabing; Wang, Guoping; Feng, Lu; Yang, Beifang; Fan, Zhengyi; Lei, Yaping; Du, Weihua; Mao, Shuchun

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190032

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This would allow us to sow cottonseeds two months before winter-wheat harvest. In another words, this means that planting time of cotton could be expanded two months earlier in winter-wheat-cotton intercropping production system if grafting followed by transplanting is used 6 , 25 , 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also transplanting could make wheat–cotton intercropping system possible by planting cotton after winter wheat harvest 43 in June, for instance in Turkey, and immediately transplanting 30–50 days old cotton seedlings in soil without tilling. It is reported that transplantation of cotton after the winter wheat harvest has become a more common planting pattern in some region of China 25 , 26 . When applied transplanting makes double cropping possible in Western and Southeastern Turkey, which are two major cotton and wheat production regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interspecific grafting between Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense and G. herbaceum lines

Karaca

İnce

Reddy

2020

Sci Rep

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Seedling grafting could provide additional crop improvement strategies for cotton. However, there existed limited studies on interspecific grafting and approaches. Four different grafting approaches were developed and compared between lines representing three of the four cultivated cotton species G. hirsutum, G. barbadense and G. herbaceum. Grafting approaches of this study focused on the cotyledon node and cotyledon leaves retained on scions, rootstocks, without cotyledon node and cotyledon leaves on scions and rootstocks or halved cotyledon node and single cotyledon leaf on scions and rootstocks. Evaluations of the grafting approaches were made by comparing survival and growth rate during the second and fifth weeks after transplantation, respectively. The formation of any lateral shoots at the grafted sites were studied in two of four grafting approaches in the first and the second year during flowering stage. DNA alterations due to grafting were investigated using microsatellite markers. There were no statistically significant differences between grafts and their control in survival rate and locus specific DNA alteration. Growth rate and lateral shoot formation, on the other hand, were different among grafting types and grafts. We concluded that grafting without cotyledon node and cotyledon leaves on rootstocks, and with cotyledon node but without cotyledon leaves on scions were easy to perform and suitable for interspecific cotton grafting. Results suggested that grafting seedlings and allowing time to heal graft wounds prior to spring transplanting or double cropping is suitable for wheat–cotton intercropping to prevent late or early chilling damage associated with seed sowing or conventional transplanting of susceptible seedlings. Furthermore, the rapid and consistent wound healing in seedling grafts along with lateral shoot formation occurring in two of four grafting approaches make them a suitable approach to investigate possible genetic and epigenetic movement between scions and rootstocks, especially across species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific grafting between Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense and G. herbaceum lines

Karaca

İnce

Reddy

2020

Sci Rep

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“…However, it is unknown if this effect can be cultivar dependent (Figure 1b). Root development of cotton is intense until the boll‐filling stage which is the period with the strongest drains (Zhi et al., 2017). In this period, root growth rates are reduced as most of the carbohydrates are used to supply boll growth (Fanello et al., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can restrict plant tolerance to drought at later stages, since the soil volume exploited by the root system depends on the extent of the lateral roots. These roots are mostly concentrated one meter deep in the soil, and most of the growth in length occurs before the beginning of the boll‐filling stage, 70–80 d after emergence (DAE; Mc Michael et al., 2010; Zhi et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton root growth response to mepiquat chloride application in early reproductive stages are cultivar dependent

et al. 2021

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Mepiquat chloride (MC) is essential to reduce shoot growth and improve cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. latifolium Hutch) harvest index, but the effect of high rates on cotton root growth is not known yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different rates of MC application on root and shoot growth of different cotton cultivars. Two studies were conducted in a greenhouse to (a) characterize the stage of greatest susceptibility to high rates of MC and (b) evaluate the response to MC on root growth of cultivars of different maturity cycles (FM 906GLT, early; TMG 44B2RF, mid‐early; TMG 81WS, late; and FM 985GLTP, late). Regardless of the cultivar, spraying of MC in the early reproductive stage (B3) reduced root length. These reductions began approximately 2 wk after spraying. But spraying MC in the late reproductive stage (F1) can increase root length. Application of up to 30 g ha−1 of MC hindered shoot growth for 2 wk, but applications of 60 g ha−1 hindered shoot growth for 3 wk. We recommend a maximum application of 30 g ha−1 of MC in the first application to reduce root growth damage and balance biomass production.

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“…Different crop types affect C and N through their residues or root exudates, which are determined by root depth and distribution [18]. Crops with deep root systems increase soil organic matter more than those with shallow root systems, and winter wheat and spring cotton are identified as crops with deep root systems [19,20]. Crops that are grown in rotation also tend to increase soil organic matter due to the varying quality and quantity of plant biomass [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Impacts of Different Cropping Patterns on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities in the Low Land Plain of North China

et al. 2022

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Various cropping patterns are extensively used on the North China Plain, which greatly alter various soil properties. Although these soil properties respond differently to the different cropping patterns, little is known about the possible effects of cropping patterns on desalinized soils. To assess the effects of the different cropping patterns on soil properties and enzyme activities, a long-term field experiment was conducted at the Nanpi Agro-Ecological Station in Hebei Province, China. The cropping patterns under study were the single-cropping patterns of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), spring maize (Zea mays), and spring cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), and the double-cropping pattern of winter wheat–summer maize (WW–SM), which is the predominant cropping pattern on the North China Plain. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–100 cm, depending on the soil properties. Our results indicated that soil available phosphorous (P) and available potassium (K) concentrations at 0–20 cm were greater than those of the subsurfaces. Soil organic matter declined with depth, and WW–SM had the highest amount in the deep levels. The WW–SM cropping pattern also generally showed greater levels of enzyme activities than did the single-cropping patterns, proving that diverse crops can enhance enzyme activities. Soil pH generally increased with depth despite there being no significant differences between the cropping patterns. No significant effects were observed on soil electrical conductivity (EC). However, EC generally increased with depth in spring cotton and winter wheat and declined in spring maize and WW–SM. Winter wheat had a significant aggregate size (<0.053 mm) at 20–40 cm depth and generally showed the lowest amount of nutrients. This study suggests that a fallow period allows the soil to regenerate its structure, whereas WW–SM enhances high soil organic matter in the deep soil layers and promotes increased soil enzyme activities. This indicates that crop rotation could sustainably exploit soil resources without reducing fertility over a long period. There is a need to incorporate different soil management practices for single-cropping patterns to increase their productivity, especially in spring maize, whose organic matter declined the most. Our results also show a need to diversify to different crop rotations to utilize their benefits and enhance soil productivity while increasing crop output.

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Root growth and spatial distribution characteristics for seedlings raised in substrate and transplanted cotton

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Interspecific grafting between Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense and G. herbaceum lines

Interspecific grafting between Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense and G. herbaceum lines

Cotton root growth response to mepiquat chloride application in early reproductive stages are cultivar dependent

Long-Term Impacts of Different Cropping Patterns on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities in the Low Land Plain of North China

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