Root discrimination of closely related crop and weed species using FT MIR-ATR spectroscopy

Meinen, Catharina; Rauber, Rolf

doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00765

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Future research using imaging techniques to non‐destructively follow root development over time (e.g. minirhizotrons) (Rewald & Ephrath, ) as well as molecular or spectral techniques to disentangle the relative contribution of individual plant species to biomass production in different soil layers (Meinen & Rauber, ; Mommer, Wagemaker, De Kroon, & Ouborg, ) hold much potential to investigate how the sequence of arrival of different species or functional groups affect vertical root distribution and below‐ground productivity in temperate grasslands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When history matters: The overlooked role of priority effects in grassland overyielding

et al. 2019

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Biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments have shown that plant species and functional group richness are important drivers of grassland productivity, but the impact that plant order of arrival (i.e. priority effects) has on grassland overyielding and its drivers (complementarity and dominance effects) has been overlooked so far. Using species‐specific plant biomass data collected in mixture and monoculture plots of a grassland field experiment (Jülich Priority Effect experiment) that manipulated the order of arrival of three plant functional groups (forbs, grasses and legumes), we quantified net biodiversity effects (overyielding) as well as complementarity and dominance effects in mixtures one and 2 years after sowing. In this experiment, priority effects were created by sowing one functional group 6 weeks before the two others. First, we tested whether plant order of arrival affected overyielding, complementarity and dominance effects. Second, we investigated whether the magnitude of net biodiversity, complementarity and dominance effects was dependent on the strength and direction of priority effects. We found that complementarity and dominance effects were affected by plant order of arrival during community assembly. In addition, we found that moving from negative to positive priority effects increased grassland overyielding, mainly via increased complementarity effects. These results highlight the need to combine biodiversity and assembly approaches in future ecosystem functioning research, as this will increase the predictive power of community ecology in conservation and ecological restoration. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When history matters: The overlooked role of priority effects in grassland overyielding

et al. 2019

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“…or wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and blackgrass ( Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) (Rewald et al, 2012 ; Meinen and Rauber, 2015 ). The differentiation of roots of different species is crucial for getting a deeper understanding of the belowground root interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As sampling material also fresh material can be used which spares sampling preparation time. Additionally, the short measuring times provide the possibility of high-throughput screening (Cozzolino, 2014 ; Meinen and Rauber, 2015 ). Therefore, FTIR-ATR spectroscopy is a very reliable method which is easy in handling with fast data acquisition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root Differentiation of Agricultural Plant Cultivars and Proveniences Using FTIR Spectroscopy

2018

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The differentiation of roots of agricultural species is desired for a deeper understanding of the belowground root interaction which helps to understand the complex interaction in intercropping and crop-weed systems. The roots can be reliably differentiated via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR). In two replicated greenhouse experiments, six pea cultivars, five oat cultivars as well as seven maize cultivars and five barnyard grass proveniences (n = 10 plants/cultivar or provenience) were grown under controlled conditions. One root of each plant was harvested and five different root segments of each root were separated, dried and measured with FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The results showed that, firstly, the root spectra of single pea and single oat cultivars as well as single maize and single barnyard grass cultivars/proveniences separated species-specific in cluster analyses. In the majority of cases the species separation was correct, but in a few cases, the spectra of the root tips had to be omitted to ensure the precise separation between the species. Therefore, species differentiation is possible regardless of the cultivar or provenience. Consequently, all tested cultivars of pea and oat spectra were analyzed together and separated within a cluster analysis according to their affiliated species. The same result was found in a cluster analysis with maize and barnyard grass spectra. Secondly, a cluster analysis with all species (pea, oat, maize and barnyard grass) was performed. The species split up species-specific and formed a dicotyledonous pea cluster and a monocotyledonous cluster subdivided in oat, maize and barnyard grass subclusters. Thirdly, cultivar or provenience differentiations within one species were possible in one of the two replicated experiments. But these separations were less resilient.

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“…An efficient method by which to measure root development of the crop and the weed is required to understand competition for water and nutrients in the field. While partitioning of total root biomass between weed and crop species in washed roots can be carried out using a variety of techniques (Mommer et al, 2011), including visual observation (Zhang et al, 2018), infrared spectroscopy (Meinen & Rauber, 2015) and biochemical analysis of plant waxes (Dawson et al, 2000), species can only be reliably distinguished by sequencing the rDNA ITS region (Linder et al, 2000). Species-specific quantitative PCR has been used to quantify root biomass of a single species in perennial grass swards (Haling et al, 2012) and to determine the ratio of different species within mixed sward samples (Haling et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Varietal Differences in Below Ground Biomass Revealed by a Semi-Quantitative Estimation of Wheat Root DNA in Soil Samples

Jones¹,

Bentley²,

Smith³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Root research on field grown crops is hindered by the difficulty of estimating root biomass in soil. Root washing, the current standard method is laborious and expensive. Biochemical methods to quantify root biomass in soil, targeting species-specific DNA, have potential as a more efficient assay. We combined an efficient DNA extraction method, designed specifically to extract DNA from soil, with well-established quantitative PCR methods to estimate the root biomass of twenty-two wheat varieties grown in field trials over two seasons. We also developed an assay for estimating root biomass for black-grass, a common weed of wheat cultivation. Two robust qPCR assays were developed to estimate the quantity of plant root DNA in soil samples, one specific to wheat and barley, and a second specific to black-grass. The DNA qPCR method was comparable, with high correlations, with the results of root washing from soil cores taken from winter wheat field trials. The DNA qPCR assay showed both variety and depth as significant factors in the distribution of root biomass in replicated field trials. The results suggest that these DNA qPCR assays are a useful, high throughput tool for investigating the genetic basis of wheat root biomass distribution in field grown crops, and the impact of black-grass root systems on crop production.

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Root discrimination of closely related crop and weed species using FT MIR-ATR spectroscopy

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

When history matters: The overlooked role of priority effects in grassland overyielding

When history matters: The overlooked role of priority effects in grassland overyielding

Root Differentiation of Agricultural Plant Cultivars and Proveniences Using FTIR Spectroscopy

Wheat Varietal Differences in Below Ground Biomass Revealed by a Semi-Quantitative Estimation of Wheat Root DNA in Soil Samples

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