Root biomass allocation in the world's upland forests

Cairns, Michael A.; Brown, Sandra; Helmer, Eileen H.; Baumgardner, Greg A.

doi:10.1007/s004420050201

Cited by 1,242 publications

(848 citation statements)

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“…No entanto, os valores podem ser inferiores aos encontrados em florestas tropicais. Cairns et al (1997), por exemplo, citam um total de 34,5 t.ha -1 para floresta baixa tropical no Brasil e 28,0 t.ha -1 para floresta úmida montana na Venezuela.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Estoque de carbono em cerrado sensu stricto do Distrito Federal

Paiva¹,

Rezende

Pereira

2011

Rev. Árvore

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RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi estimar o estoque de carbono da parte aérea (troncos, galhos e serapilheira) e subterrânea (raízes e solo) da vegetação lenhosa de um cerrado sensu stricto, localizado na Fazenda Água Limpa, da Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal. A área de estudo foi amostrada a partir de parcelas de 20 x 50m alocadas sistematicamente. Em cada parcela foram inventariados todos os indivíduos lenhosos arbóreo-arbustivos, vivos e mortos em pé, com no mínimo 5 cm de diâmetro tomado a 30 cm do solo. Foram realizadas também coletas da biomassa de serapilheira; da biomassa de raízes (fina, média e grossa) e da densidade e teor de carbono no solo. A profundidade máxima adotada para a coleta de biomassa da parte subterrânea foi de 2 m. A maior parte do carbono correspondeu ao compartimento solo (88,7%), superando bastante as raízes (7,3%), onde as concentrações foram de 271,23 e 22,38 toneladas por hectare, respectivamente. Troncos e galhos totalizaram 8,60 toneladas de carbono por hectare e a serapilheira, 3,62 toneladas de carbono por hectare.Palavras-chave: Estoque de carbono, Biomassa e Cerrado sensu stricto. CARBON STOCK IN CERRADO Sensu stricto IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICT ABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to estimate the carbon stock of the aerial section (stems, branches and litter) and belowground (roots and soil) of woody vegetation in a cerrado

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Estoque de carbono em cerrado sensu stricto do Distrito Federal

Paiva¹,

Rezende

Pereira

2011

Rev. Árvore

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“…Therefore, Bolzano's trees were matched to existing CTCC tree species and climates using similarities in tree taxonomy, growth forms, and overall tree structure. Specific CTCC inputs for Bolzano are presented in (Appendix 2) and are based on climate information from Bonatti (2008).Finally, to better assess our European allometric-based urban tree C storage and sequestration methods to the UFORE and CTCC models, we converted UFORE estimated total tree C estimates into aboveground C by subtracting the belowground portion using a root-to-shoot ratio of 0.26 as reported in and Cairns et al (1997). The CTCC model was adjusted by dividing the total biomass by 1.28 since total biomass is 1.28 times the aboveground biomass (Aguaron & McPherson 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing urban tree carbon storage and sequestration in Bolzano, Italy

Russo

Escobedo

Timilsina

et al. 2014

International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Servic

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Recent climate change, environmental design, and ecological conservation policies require new and existing urban developments to mitigate and offset carbon dioxide emissions and for cities to become carbon neutral. Some North American models and tools are available and can be used to quantify the carbon offset function of urban trees. But, little information on urban tree carbon storage and sequestration exists from the European Southern Alps. Also, the use of these North American models in Europe has never been assessed. This study developed a protocol to quantify aboveground carbon (C) storage and sequestration using a subsample of urban trees in Bolzano, Italy, and assessed two existing and available C estimation models. Carbon storage and sequestration were estimated using city-specific dendrometrics and allometric biomass equations primarily from Europe and two other United States models; the UFORE (Urban Forest Effects Model) and the CUFR Tree Carbon Calculator (CTCC). The UFORE model carbon storage estimates were the lowest while the CUFR Tree Carbon Calculator (CTCC) C sequestration estimates were the highest. Results from this study can be used to plan, design, and manage urban forests in northern Italy to maximize C offset potential, provide ecosystem services, and for developing carbon neutral policies. Findings can also be used to predict greenhouse gas emissions from tree maintenance operations as well as estimating green waste yield from landscape maintenance activities and its use as biofuel and compost. Managers need to be aware that available models and methods can produce statistically different C storage and sequestration estimates.Keywords: i-Tree Eco; growth rates; allometric equations; ecosystem services; CTCC model Introduction Climate change is one of the most important and pressing environmental, economic, and security issues our world faces today (Barnett 2003;IPCC 2007;Karagiannis & Soldatos 2010). Urban areas are steadily growing throughout the world (Grimm et al. 2008) and by 2030 it is expected that 60% of the world's population will be living in cities (Rydin et al. 2012). Thus, as urban environments become more important as living space for humans, they are an increasing source of carbon emissions.Several studies in North America, China, and Australia (Brack 2002;Zhao et al. 2010;Dobbs et al. 2011;Martin et al. 2012;Roy et al. 2012), and more recently in the United Kingdom and Germany (Davies et al. 2011;Strohbach & Haase 2012;Strohbach et al. 2012), have shown that trees in urban environments remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through growth and photosynthesis, and store excess carbon as biomass in roots, stems, and branches. Indirectly, urban trees also reduce building energy used for cooling through their shade and climate amelioration effects, thereby reducing CO 2 emissions from decreased energy production (Akbari et al. 2001).The estimation of tree carbon sequestration depends on species types and their mortality and growth characteristics as well as their overall con...

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“…Within forests above ground biomass AGBM accounts for 70-90% of the total, 339 most of it in trees (Cairns et al, 1997). Throughout this paper, biomass and AGBM will 340 be used interchangeably.…”

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“…In 334 9 sections 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 below, we will describe the specific spatial and temporal 335 resolutions and coverage requirements needed for the remote sensing measurements. 336 337 1.3.1 Vegetation structure, biomass and biomass change 338Within forests above ground biomass AGBM accounts for 70-90% of the total, 339 most of it in trees (Cairns et al, 1997). Throughout this paper, biomass and AGBM will 340 be used interchangeably.…”

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Characterizing 3D vegetation structure from space: Mission requirements

Hall¹,

Bergen²,

Blair³

et al. 2011

Remote Sensing of Environment

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118

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18Human and natural forces are rapidly modifying the global distribution and 19 structure of terrestrial ecosystems on which all of life depends, altering the global carbon 20 cycle, affecting our climate now and for the foreseeable future, causing steep reductions 21 in species diversity, and endangering Earth's sustainability. 22To understand changes and trends in terrestrial ecosystems and their functioning 23 as carbon sources and sinks, and to characterize the impact of their changes on climate, 24 habitat and biodiversity, new space assets are urgently needed to produce high spatial 25 resolution global maps of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of vegetation, its biomass 26 above ground, the carbon stored within and the implications for atmospheric green house 27 gas concentrations and climate. These needs were articulated in a 2007 National 28Research Council (NRC) report (NRC, 2007) recommending a new satellite mission, 29DESDynI, carrying an L-band Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar (Pol-SAR) and a 30 multi-beam lidar (Light RAnging And Detection) operating at 1064 nm. The objectives 31 of this paper are to articulate the importance of these new, multi-year, 3D vegetation 32 structure and biomass measurements, to briefly review the feasibility of radar and lidar 33 remote sensing technology to meet these requirements, to define the data products and 34 measurement requirements, and to consider implications of mission durations. The paper 35 addresses these objectives by synthesizing research results and other input from a broad 36 community of terrestrial ecology, carbon cycle, and remote sensing scientists and 37 working groups. We conclude that: 38(1) current global biomass and 3-D vegetation structure information is unsuitable 39 for both science and management and policy. The only existing global datasets of 40 biomass are approximations based on combining land cover type and representative 41 carbon values, instead of measurements of actual biomass. Current measurement attempts 42 based on radar and multispectral data have low explanatory power outside low biomass 43areas. There is no current capability for repeatable disturbance and regrowth estimates. 44(2) The science and policy needs for information on vegetation 3D structure can 45 be successfully addressed by a mission capable of producing (i) a first global inventory of 46 forest biomass with a spatial resolution 1km or finer and unprecedented accuracy (ii) 47 annual global disturbance maps at a spatial resolution of 1 ha with subsequent biomass 48 accumulation rates at resolutions of 1km or finer, and (iii) transects of vertical and 49 horizontal forest structure with 30 m along-transect measurements globally at 25 m 50 spatial resolution, essential for habitat characterization. 51 We also show from the literature that lidar profile samples together with wall-to-52 wall L-band quad-pol-SAR imagery and ecosystem dynamics models can work together 53 to satisfy these vegetation 3D structure and biomass measurement requirements. ...

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Root biomass allocation in the world's upland forests

Cited by 1,242 publications

References 68 publications

Estoque de carbono em cerrado sensu stricto do Distrito Federal

Estoque de carbono em cerrado sensu stricto do Distrito Federal

Assessing urban tree carbon storage and sequestration in Bolzano, Italy

Characterizing 3D vegetation structure from space: Mission requirements

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