Room-to-low temperature thermo-mechanical behavior and corresponding constitutive model of liquid oxygen compatible epoxy composites

Jiang, Yicheng; Liu, Ling; Yan, Jia; Wu, Zhanjun

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2023.110357

Cited by 43 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…While acrylate monomers are among the most exploited precursors in the vat 3D printing process, Refs. [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] epoxy resins have also attracted interest in the field [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], mainly because the epoxy-based 3D printing structures are characterised by low shrinkage as well as high modulus and thermomechanical properties [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Material 3D Printing of Biobased Epoxy Resins

Bergoglio,

Rossegger,

Schlögl

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionised the manufacturing industry, offering versatile capabilities for creating complex geometries directly from a digital design. Among the various 3D printing methods for polymers, vat photopolymerisation combines photochemistry and 3D printing. Despite the fact that single-epoxy 3D printing has been explored, the fabrication of multi-material bioderived epoxy thermosets remains unexplored. This study introduces the feasibility and potential of multi-material 3D printing by means of a dual-vat Digital Light Processing (DLP) technology, focusing on bioderived epoxy resins such as ELO (epoxidized linseed oil) and DGEVA (vanillin alcohol diglycidyl ether). By integrating different materials with different mechanical properties into one sample, this approach enhances sustainability and offers versatility for different applications. Through experimental characterisation, including mechanical and thermal analysis, the study demonstrates the ability to produce structures composed of different materials with tailored mechanical properties and shapes that change on demand. The findings underscore the promising technology of dual-vat DLP technology applied to sustainable bioderived epoxy monomers, allowing sustainable material production and complex structure fabrication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Material 3D Printing of Biobased Epoxy Resins

Bergoglio,

Rossegger,

Schlögl

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The influence of phthalonitrile monomer containing oxazine ring on the properties of epoxy/amine system: Curing behavior and thermal stability

Chen,

Peng,

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Phthalonitrile monomer containing oxazine ring (BPS‐Ph) was synthesized using bisphenol‐S, aniline, paraformaldehyde, and 4‐nitrophthalonitrile via a two‐step method. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data of the curing process of BPS‐Ph monomer indicates that the peak polymerization temperature of the cyan group is about 250°C and that confirms the promoting effect of oxazine ring on the curing reaction of phthalonitrile. The rheological data of E51/DDS containing BPS‐Ph indicates that the BPS‐Ph monomer also has promoting effect on the curing process. The activation energy was studied via the iso‐conversional method principle. The activation energy corresponding to the E51/DDS crosslinking reaction is 75.79 and 60.54 kJ mol−1, respectively, for pure E51/DDS and E51/DDS/BPS‐Ph. Moreover, the activation energy of the crosslinking of phthalhydrazine is 74.1 kJ mol−1 which is rather lower than that in pure BPS‐Ph, and that implies the synergistically catalytic effect of the oxazine ring and the amine. The addition of BPS‐Ph monomer significantly improves the thermal behaviors of the thermoset. The char yield in N2 atmosphere increased from 15.6% to 53.9% when adding 30% BPS‐Ph to the E51/DDS. Moreover, the peak weight loss temperature decreased from 407 to 385°C. The phase separation size of poly‐BPS‐Ph in E51/DDS is about tens to hundreds nanometers according to the atomic force microscopy (AFM) phase diagram. It is indicated that incorporation of phthalonitrile monomer containing oxazine ring into epoxy/amine system is an applicable and effective way to promote the thermal behavior of the thermoset.

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Development and characterization of UV‐curable PCL/AESO/CNT nanocomposites for biomedical engineering

Mohammadi,

Mirzaei,

Moradi

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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This study investigates the development and characterization of UV‐curable Poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), Acrylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil (AESO), and Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) nanocomposites for biomedical engineering applications. The PCL/AESO blends were prepared in various ratios, and CNTs were incorporated at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt% to enhance mechanical properties. The UV‐curable formulations aimed to leverage rapid curing times, precise control over material properties, and the ability to fabricate complex structures. Results indicated that the incorporation of CNTs improved the tensile strength, modulus, and toughness of the composites. The PCL/AESO/CNT nanocomposites exhibited a tensile strength increase of 25%, a modulus improvement of 30%, and a toughness enhancement of 20% compared to pure PCL. Thermal analysis showed an increase in crystallization temperature and thermal stability, with a crystallinity degree of 63.31% and a maximum degradation temperature of 407°C for the B/C 50/50/1.5 sample. Biocompatibility assessments using L929 fibroblast cells revealed that the composites supported cell viability and proliferation over 7 days with negligible cytotoxicity. Cell attachment studies indicated favorable morphology and adherence, suggesting a conducive environment for cell growth and differentiation. Hydrolytic biodegradation studies demonstrated adjustable degradation rates, making these composites suitable for various biomedical applications requiring controlled biodegradation.

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Room-to-low temperature thermo-mechanical behavior and corresponding constitutive model of liquid oxygen compatible epoxy composites

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Multi-Material 3D Printing of Biobased Epoxy Resins

Multi-Material 3D Printing of Biobased Epoxy Resins

The influence of phthalonitrile monomer containing oxazine ring on the properties of epoxy/amine system: Curing behavior and thermal stability

Development and characterization of UV‐curable PCL/AESO/CNT nanocomposites for biomedical engineering

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