Room-temperature spin–orbit torque in NiMnSb

Ciccarelli, Chiara; Anderson, Laurel E.; Tshitoyan, Vahe; Ferguson, A. J.; Gerhard, F.; Gould, C.; Molenkamp, Laurens W.; Gayles, Jacob; Železný, Jakub; Šmejkal, Libor; Yuan, Zhe; Sinova, Jairo; Freimuth, Frank; Jungwirth, T.

doi:10.1038/nphys3772

Cited by 97 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…6. A spin torque arising from spin-orbit interactions has been demonstrated in GaMnAs [Chernyshov et al ., 2009] and other ferromagnets [ e.g ., Jamali et al ., 2013; Kurebayashi et al ., 2014; Ciccarelli et al ., 2016]. To date, the strongest spin-orbit-generated torques , and the ones most readily incorporated into practical device designs, have been measured in bilayers of one material with strong spin-orbit interactions that generates a pure spin current, and a second ferromagnetic layer whose magnetization direction can be controlled by this spin current [Ando et al ., 2008, Miron et al ., 2010, Pi et al ., 2010; Miron et al ., 2011a; Liu et al ., 2012a; Liu et al ., 2012b].…”

Section: Spin Transport At and Through Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface-induced phenomena in magnetism

et al. 2017

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This article reviews static and dynamic interfacial effects in magnetism, focusing on interfacially-driven magnetic effects and phenomena associated with spin-orbit coupling and intrinsic symmetry breaking at interfaces. It provides a historical background and literature survey, but focuses on recent progress, identifying the most exciting new scientific results and pointing to promising future research directions. It starts with an introduction and overview of how basic magnetic properties are affected by interfaces, then turns to a discussion of charge and spin transport through and near interfaces and how these can be used to control the properties of the magnetic layer. Important concepts include spin accumulation, spin currents, spin transfer torque, and spin pumping. An overview is provided to the current state of knowledge and existing review literature on interfacial effects such as exchange bias, exchange spring magnets, spin Hall effect, oxide heterostructures, and topological insulators. The article highlights recent discoveries of interface-induced magnetism and non-collinear spin textures, non-linear dynamics including spin torque transfer and magnetization reversal induced by interfaces, and interfacial effects in ultrafast magnetization processes.

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Section: Spin Transport At and Through Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface-induced phenomena in magnetism

et al. 2017

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“…Current-driven switching [e.g., in Pt/Co and Ta/CoFeB (Liu et al, 2012) stacks], resonance and domain-wall motion (Miron et al, 2010) in transition metals, as well as in noncentrosymmetric magnetic semiconductors [(Ga,Mn)As, (Ga,Mn)(As,P), and (Ni, Mn)Sb] (Chernyshov et al, 2009;Fang et al, 2011;Kurebayashi et al, 2014;Ciccarelli et al, 2016) have attracted much attention in the past five years, opening fascinating venues for nonvolatile memory and logic applications.…”

Section: Principle Of Spin-orbit Torquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiferromagnetic spintronics

et al. 2018

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Antiferromagnetic materials could represent the future of spintronic applications thanks to the numerous interesting features they combine: they are robust against perturbation due to magnetic fields, produce no stray fields, display ultrafast dynamics, and are capable of generating large magnetotransport effects. Intense research efforts over the past decade have been invested in unraveling spin transport properties in antiferromagnetic materials. Whether spin transport can be used to drive the antiferromagnetic order and how subsequent variations can be detected are some of the thrilling challenges currently being addressed. Antiferromagnetic spintronics started out with studies on spin transfer and has undergone a definite revival in the last few years with the publication of pioneering articles on the use of spin-orbit interactions in antiferromagnets. This paradigm shift offers possibilities for radically new concepts for spin manipulation in electronics. Central to these endeavors are the need for predictive models, relevant disruptive materials, and new experimental designs. This paper reviews the most prominent spintronic effects described based on theoretical and experimental analysis of antiferromagnetic materials. It also details some of the remaining bottlenecks and suggests possible avenues for future research. This review covers both spin-transfer-related effects, such as spin-transfer torque, spin penetration length, domain-wall motion, and "magnetization" dynamics, and spin-orbit related phenomena, such as (tunnel) anisotropic magnetoresistance, spin Hall, and inverse spin galvanic effects. Effects related to spin caloritronics, such as the spin Seebeck effect, are linked to the transport of magnons in antiferromagnets. The propagation of spin waves and spin superfluids in antiferromagnets is also covered.

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“…Also the torkance tensor that describes the spin-orbit torque is an axial tensor of second rank. Therefore, the symmetry of D ij can be determined from the symmetry of the magnetization-even component of the torkance tensor, which has been determined for all crystallographic point groups [37][38][39].…”

Section: Interpretation Of the Contributions Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction to spin currents and to the spin-orbit field

Freimuth¹,

Blügel²,

Mokrousov³

2017

Phys. Rev. B

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Starting from the general Berry phase theory of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) we derive an expression for the linear contribution of the spin-orbit interaction (SOI). Thereby, we show analytically that at the first order in SOI DMI is given by the ground-state spin current. We verify this finding numerically by ab-initio calculations in Mn/W(001) and Co/Pt(111) magnetic bilayers. We show that despite the strong SOI from the 5d heavy metals DMI is well-approximated by the first order in SOI, while the ground-state spin current is not. We decompose the SOIlinear contribution to DMI into two parts. One part has a simple interpretation in terms of the Zeeman interaction between the spin-orbit field and the spin misalignment that electrons acquire in magnetically noncollinear textures. This interpretation provides also an intuitive understanding of the symmetry of DMI on the basis of the spin-orbit field and it explains in a simple way why DMI and ground-state spin currents are related. Moreover, we show that energy currents driven by magnetization dynamics and associated to DMI can be explained by counter-propagating spin currents that carry energy due to their Zeeman interaction with the spin-orbit field. Finally, we discuss options to modify DMI by nonequilibrium spin currents excited by electric fields or light.

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Room-temperature spin–orbit torque in NiMnSb

Cited by 97 publications

References 36 publications

Interface-induced phenomena in magnetism

Interface-induced phenomena in magnetism

Antiferromagnetic spintronics

Relation of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction to spin currents and to the spin-orbit field

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