Room-temperature ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in Fe-dopedBaTiO3

Structure, electrical and magnetic property investigations on dense Fe-doped hexagonal BaTiO3

“…1 Triggered by integrating multiple functionalities in one material, alternation of physical properties through compositional modification has been widely carried out in perovskite BaTiO 3 and coexistence of ferromagnetism (FM) and ferroelectricity at room temperature were reported. [2][3][4] As another polymorph of BaTiO 3 , hexagonal (6H) BaTiO 3 has increasingly attracted the attention recently because of its unusual high-temperature FM caused by magnetic Fe ion doping of B-site Ti, 5,6 especially when the doping concentration is less than 10 mol%. 7,8 Subsequently, the origin of the FM in the dilute magnetic oxide becomes controversial owing to the possible dopant clustering and precipitation of secondary magnetic phase responsible for the possible extrinsic signals.…”

Dielectric Anomalies of BaTi1-xFexO3 Ceramics for x = 0.0 to 0.6 of Fe Doping Concentration

“…The shifting of phase transition to the higher temperature is probably due to the ferromagnetism. However there are several studies which confirm the coexistence of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism in BTF at low concentration of Fe and only ferromagnetism for high Fe contents [18][19][20]. The XRD results showed that the hexagonality of BTF samples grows up with the increase of doping concentration inducing ferromagnetism, as the hexagonal phase a well known as a ferromagnetic phase [19], which confirms the Tc shifting.…”

“…However there are several studies which confirm the coexistence of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism in BTF at low concentration of Fe and only ferromagnetism for high Fe contents [18][19][20]. The XRD results showed that the hexagonality of BTF samples grows up with the increase of doping concentration inducing ferromagnetism, as the hexagonal phase a well known as a ferromagnetic phase [19], which confirms the Tc shifting. Above 400 °C, a clear increase of dielectric constant was observed in the up and downhill for all the samples which indicates the existence of structural anomaly and it is confirmed at 0.6 of Fe content when εr′ reaches a maximum at 580 °C.…”

STRUCTURAL, DIELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF Fe-DOPED SrZrO₃ CERAMICS

“…Nakayama et al investigated the doping effect of Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu on BaTiO 3 , and based on first-principles total-energy calculations [8], they predicted that ferromagnetism can be introduced in BaTiO 3 by Cr, Mn, Co and Fe doping. This prediction has been experimentally confirmed by Xu et al with the coexistence of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism for BaTi 1-x Fe x O 3 ceramics at room temperature [9]. Previously, the ferroelectricity of Pr-doped SrTiO 3 thin films [10] as well as the surface states and electronic band structure of Fe-doped SrTiO 3 material [11][12][13] have been studied.…”