Rook/Wilkinson/Ebling Textbook of Dermatology, vols 1-4

Cook, B. F.

doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510270090047

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Keratin forms with cell maturation, and the mature form is characterised by a well‐developed, central, keratin‐filled crater. Then the outer cells stop proliferating and eventually show signs of cell degeneration and apoptosis 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Giant Keratoacanthoma of the Nasal Vestibule

Bickerton

1995

Int J Clinical Practice

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then the outer cells stop proliferating and eventually show signs of cell degeneration and apoptosis. 9 The treatment for solitary keratoacanthoma is usually complete excision. The possibility of malignant lesion, as well as any cosmetic or functional disability, justifies surgical intervention.…”

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confidence: 99%

Giant Keratoacanthoma of the Nasal Vestibule

Bickerton

1995

Int J Clinical Practice

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“…Why EN predominantly affects the anterior lower legs remains unclear. It has been proposed that the absence of muscle pumps, combined with diminished arterial blood supply, may favor the development of EN within this region [14]. However, EN lesions may also appear in other atypical locations, including the upper legs, arms, trunk, and face, which was so far only reported in case reports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical and Typical Presentation of Erythema Nodosum: Clinical Differences in Treatment and Outcome

Meienberger,

Maul,

Fröhlich

et al. 2024

Dermatology

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Introduction Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common form of panniculitis that predominantly affects the shins. While EN in atypical sites has been described by many authors, there are currently only case studies published on this topic. This study aimed to evaluate clinical differences between patients suffering from EN on the shins, compared to patients with EN in atypical locations. Methods We analyzed 105 patients in a retrospective, single-center study at a University Hospital in Switzerland. Typical EN was defined as lesions, found only on the lower legs, while atypical EN as lesions on the upper legs, trunk, arms, or face, only or in addition to lesions on the lower legs. The patients were assessed for age, gender, dermatological history, time until first medical consultation, time to diagnosis, and time until remission. Further, etiology, symptoms, and applied therapies were investigated. Findings were then compared between the typical and atypical EN cohorts. Results Overall we included 70 patients (37.99 ± 15.67 [3-81] years) with EN solely on the shins and 35 patients (41.27 ± 16.85 [9-76] years) with EN on other locations. Interestingly, time until diagnosis was significantly shorter in atypical EN (p=0.034, 1.14 ± 4.68 vs. 0.46 ± 1.14 months). Time to remission was similar in both groups (3.61 ± 2.73 vs. 3.05 ± 2.86 months respectively). Sarcoidosis was the only etiology factor significantly more frequent in atypical EN compared to typical EN (23% vs. 9%, p=0.042). Besides that, solely subtle differences were seen regarding etiology, gender, age at onset, course of the disease, and symptoms. Conclusions Our study suggests that only minor alterations between both study populations exist. Significant differences were found in time to diagnosis (shorter for atypical EN), as well as in sarcoidosis as an etiology factor (more frequent in atypical EN). While Adalimumab was only prescribed in atypical EN cases, prognosis seems to be similar for typical and atypical EN (similar time to remission, similar amount of reoccurring cases). Due to the limited sample size, however, our study population may have been too small to detect the relevant differences and bigger studies may be needed.

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“…The two main layers of human skin are the dermis and the epidermis, constituting connective tissue and stratified squamous epithelium, respectively. The extracellular matrix (ECM) elements of the dermis layer, such as hydroxyapatite, collagen, glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and enzymes are mostly generated by fibroblasts [1][2][3] . Wrinkling, course skin, dryness, telangiectasia, pigmental degradation, and decrease of tensile strength due to photoaging are visible because of a decrease in metabolic reactions and include various changes in dermal ceramide and collagen 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%