Röntgenographische Untersuchungen der basischen Chloride des Magnesiums. Zur Kenntnis der Magnesiumoxyd‐Zemente III

Feitknecht, W.

doi:10.1002/hlca.19300130622

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…However, the 3 phase is not the only phase formed during the formation of MOC cements. A series of articles by Feitknecht − from 1926 to 1930 analyzed the formation of MOC phases with varying MgCl 2 concentrations and postulated that various phases (including 3–1–10 and 5–1–10) were forming, based on the first optical micrographs of needle-like crystals of MOC phases (as shown in Figure ) and X-ray diffraction patterns for these phases. In 1944, Feitknecht and Held again confirmed the existence of the 5 phase and revised the description of the crystalline water content within the composition to 5Mg(OH) 2 ·MgCl 2 ·7H 2 O, which is now known as the 5 phase.…”

Section: Magnesium Oxychloride (Sorel) Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

2016

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This review examines the detailed chemical insights that have been generated through 150 years of work worldwide on magnesium-based inorganic cements, with a focus on both scientific and patent literature. Magnesium carbonate, phosphate, silicate-hydrate, and oxysalt (both chloride and sulfate) cements are all assessed. Many such cements are ideally suited to specialist applications in precast construction, road repair, and other fields including nuclear waste immobilization. The majority of MgO-based cements are more costly to produce than Portland cement because of the relatively high cost of reactive sources of MgO and do not have a sufficiently high internal pH to passivate mild steel reinforcing bars. This precludes MgO-based cements from providing a large-scale replacement for Portland cement in the production of steel-reinforced concretes for civil engineering applications, despite the potential for CO2 emissions reductions offered by some such systems. Nonetheless, in uses that do not require steel reinforcement, and in locations where the MgO can be sourced at a competitive price, a detailed understanding of these systems enables their specification, design, and selection as advanced engineering materials with a strongly defined chemical basis.

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Section: Magnesium Oxychloride (Sorel) Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

2016

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“…Robinson and Waggaman 24 concluded that when MgO was in excess, 3MgOÁMgCl 2 Á10H 2 O was the stable hydration product formed in the MgO-HCl-H 2 O system at 25 C. Phase 3 was considered as the main binding phase, 25,26 and the composition of phase 3 was determined as 3Mg (OH) 2 ÁMgCl 2 Á8H 2 O. 27 Based on the optical micrographs of needle-like crystals of MOC phases and X-ray diffraction patterns, Feitknecht [28][29][30] analyzed the formation of MOC phases with varying MgCl 2 concentrations and postulated that various phases including 3-1-10 and 5-1-10 were formed. In 1944, the existence of the phase 5 was confirmed 31 and the composition of phase 5 was described as 5Mg(OH) 2 ÁMgCl 2 Á7H 2 O.…”

Section: Phase Composition In Mgo-mgcl -H O Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent development in magnesium oxychloride cement

Guo

Zhang

Soe³

et al. 2018

Structural Concrete

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This paper presents a review for the key literatures on magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) to establish a comprehensive and insightful understanding of MOC. The main aim of this review is to identify the most common problems in the development and application of the MOC and the various methods to solve these problems. The characteristics of MOC including composition of hydration phases, strength development, and durability are reviewed. In particular, the various factors influencing the water resistance of MOC, the most critical characteristics of MOC, such as the reactivity of magnesium oxide, additives, and curing conditions are reviewed. Finally, the methods to improve water resistance and its related issues of MOC from the literature are summarized and future research is proposed.

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“…The main focus is on the system Mg(OH) 2 –MgCl 2 –H 2 O as it represents the scientific base for the production of magnesia cement (Sorel cement). Different basic magnesium chloride hydrates with the composition of x Mg(OH) 2 · y MgCl 2 · z H 2 O, where x – y – z = 3–1–8, 5–1–8, 9–1–4, 2–1–4, 2–1–2, and 3–1–0, were characterized, − and their crystal structures were determined. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ni₃Cl_2.1(OH)_3.9·4H₂O, the Ni Analogue to Mg₃Cl₂(OH)₄·4H₂O

2014

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For the first time a basic transition-metal hydrate, Ni3Cl2.1(OH)3.9·4H2O, is found to be isostructural to a main-group metal phase, Mg3Cl2.0(OH)4.0·4H2O. The Ni phase was found as crystalline solid in the course of investigations into the formation of basic nickel(II) chloride phases at 25 and 40 °C in alkaline, concentrated nickel(II) chloride solutions. Ni3Cl2.1(OH)3.9·4H2O was characterized by thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. The crystal structure was determined from high-resolution laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data. Ni3Cl2.1(OH)3.9·4H2O crystallizes in space group C2/m (12) with Z = 2, a = 14.9575(4) Å, b = 3.1413(1) Å, c = 10.4818(5) Å, β = 101.482(1)°, and V = 482.50(3) Å(3). The main building unit of the structure is an infinite triple chain of edge-linked distorted NiO6 octahedra. These chains are separated by interstitial one-dimensional zigzag chains of disordered Cl(-) ions and H2O molecules. The crystal structures of Ni3Cl2.1(OH)3.9·4H2O and the isostructural magnesium salt hydrate Mg3Cl2(OH)4·4H2O (2-1-4 phase) are compared in detail.

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Röntgenographische Untersuchungen der basischen Chloride des Magnesiums. Zur Kenntnis der Magnesiumoxyd‐Zemente III

Abstract: Es wurden mehrere aus der Lösung isolierte basische Chloride verschiedener Zusammensetzung und Darstellungsart, sowie verschiedene Proben von erhärtetem Sorel‐Zement nach der Debye‐Scherrer‐Methode röntgenographisch untersucht.

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

Recent development in magnesium oxychloride cement

Ni₃Cl_2.1(OH)_3.9·4H₂O, the Ni Analogue to Mg₃Cl₂(OH)₄·4H₂O

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Röntgenographische Untersuchungen der basischen Chloride des Magnesiums. Zur Kenntnis der Magnesiumoxyd‐Zemente III

Abstract: Es wurden mehrere aus der Lösung isolierte basische Chloride verschiedener Zusammensetzung und Darstellungsart, sowie verschiedene Proben von erhärtetem Sorel‐Zement nach der Debye‐Scherrer‐Methode röntgenographisch untersucht.

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

Recent development in magnesium oxychloride cement

Ni3Cl2.1(OH)3.9·4H2O, the Ni Analogue to Mg3Cl2(OH)4·4H2O

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ni₃Cl_2.1(OH)_3.9·4H₂O, the Ni Analogue to Mg₃Cl₂(OH)₄·4H₂O