Roman Fortress Pitiunt: 3D-Reconstruction of the Monument Based on the Materials of Archaeological Research and Geological Paleoreconstructions

Abstract

The present study examined the references in the works of ancient authors to the ancient city and the Roman fortress Pitiunt, the geological aspects of the formation of the coastline in the Pitsunda Cape area in the first centuries AD and the results of archaeological research of the monument performed from 1952 to 1974. The creation of the 3D reconstruction of the exterior of the Pitiunt fortress during its prosperity in the IV century AD, along with the churches which were the first monuments of religious architecture in northwestern Colchis (northwestern Colchis comprises parts of the territory of modern Russia, Georgia and Abkhazia) was carried out based on the excavation plans and the principles of fortification and temple architecture that were accepted in the late Roman times, paying special attention to the geological paleoreconstructions.

Diagnosis, Photogrammetry and Conservation Treatment with Nanomaterials of Sacidava Fortress

“…The acicular formations of the initial samples, most probably due to gypsum, mica or cuartz, became completely covered by carbonated hydroxyapatite through an homogeneous layer, as could be seen in Figure 7, in good agreement with other literature reports [23]. As far as 3D technologies are concerned, preliminary studies have shown that the software processing technique and procedures used are feasible [24,25]. Aerial scans were performed, and precise locations were made of the places from which the samples subjected to investigations were taken.…”

Advanced Technologies Used in Digitizing the Cultural Heritage of Northwestern Colchis: The Experience of the Markul Expedition

“…This technique was tested in the study of Pitiunt fortress (Pitsunda, Republic of Abkhazia, (Figure 2, No. 2) [14].…”

Evolving Cultural and Historical Landscapes of Northwestern Colchis during the Medieval Period: Physical Environment and Urban Decline Causes

“…A seaport with a large temple, which, most likely, was located inside a fortress that has not survived (a lake in the center of the lowlands), allows us to draw an analogy with a similar region on the coast that has been fairly well explored by paleogeographers and for which a detailed reconstruction has already been made: the area of Pitsunda Cape and the ancient Roman fortress Great Pitiunt [59]. Here, on the modern area of swampy lakes, there was a large inland lake open to the sea in the Ancient and early Medieval periods.…”