Roma and Egyptians in Albania

Beyond ‘ChoiceorForce’: Roma Mobility in Albania and the Mixed Migration Paradigm

“…Indicators from a recent survey carried out on behalf of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) confirm findings from an earlier survey by the World Bank (see De Soto et al 2005) with respect to the community's socio-economic living situation and marginality. 2 Table 1 A sizeable community of Roma and Egyptians live in the study villages, identified also by De Soto et al (2005: 231) whose earlier research included these sites.…”

“…Second, because of poverty or emigration older children leave school early to look after the households and their younger siblings, while parents and older siblings go to work (De Soto et al 2005). Third, discrimination and stereotyping at times affect the way the teachers and other pupils treat Roma children at school, resulting in the latter dropping out early (ERRC 1997).…”

Albania on the Move : Links between Internal and International Migration

“…Although to-andfro movements have not disappeared altogether, they are now qualitatively different from earlier years. For instance, much migration of Roma and Egyptian Albanians for seasonal agricultural work in Greece is of such a character, particularly as they also lack regular papers (De Soto, Beddies & Gedeshi 2005). On the other hand, frequent transnational movements between the two countries are facilitated by the regular status, particularly for those who live in the border areas of Greece and originate from border areas in Albania, as we shall see from the empirical evidence later on in the book.…”

Segregation, An Alarming Problem that Roma Face in the Education System

“…The classroom is completely a different environment from the Roma community; Roma children are taught by a teacher who is not a family member and they are surrounded by no-Roma children. The classrooms are closed environments where children must stay seated and respect the rules of behaviour, things that Roma children are De Soto H., Beddies S., Gedeshi I., (2005) Roma and Egyptians in Albania,From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion,World Bank Report No. 53 29 Berthier, J.C. (1997) The socialization of the gipsy child,International Social Science,Journal,4,pg.…”