Roll‐Coated Fabrication of Fullerene‐Free Organic Solar Cells with Improved Stability

Cheng, Pei; Bai, Huaiyong; Zawacka, Natalia Klaudia; Andersen, Thomas Rieks; Liu, Wenqing; Bundgaard, Eva; Jørgensen, Mikkel; Chen, Hongzheng; Krebs, Frederik C.; Zhan, Xiaowei

doi:10.1002/advs.201500096

Cited by 92 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Fullerene-free OPVs have achieved 8.3% effi ciency thus far, [ 119 ] and most recent reports have shown that fullerene-free OPVs can challenge fullerenebased OPVs in effi ciency and stability. [ 113,117,119,[122][123][124]137,138 ] (iv) Developing high-effi ciency and cost-effective tandem solar cells by integrating PBDTTT polymers with other hybrid absorbers such as, perovskites, quantum dots, and amorphous silicon. The photovoltaic technologies discussed in the text have been expected to be very promising methods in providing clean energy at a low cost.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the 10% Efficiency Barrier in Organic Photovoltaics: Morphology and Device Optimization of Well‐Known PBDTTT Polymers

Zhang

Hou

2016

Advanced Energy Materials

290

211

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the 10% Efficiency Barrier in Organic Photovoltaics: Morphology and Device Optimization of Well‐Known PBDTTT Polymers

Zhang

Hou

2016

Advanced Energy Materials

290

211

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“…In addition, it should also be pointed out that ITO requires highly energy-intensive processing which accounts for more than 70% of the cost in the production of an OSC module, which is a major impediment to lower material and processing expenses of OSCs. [23][24][25][29][30][31][32] BHJ mixtures blade-printed from 0.6 vol% DIO showed quite strong scattering signals. Encouragingly, the large-area (2.03 cm 2 ) flexible ITO-free NF OSC with doctor-blade printing exhibits a remarkable PCE of 7.6%, which is the highest PCE reported to date in large-area flexible ITO-free doctor-bladed NF OSCs.…”

Section: Bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-thienyl]mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Therefore, more attention should be paid to the R2R compatible printing techniques like doctor-blading for the NF system. [22,23] For example, Diao et al reported NF OSCs by doctor-blading with a PCE of 3.2% [24] and Gu et al reported R2R NF-based solar cells by slot die with a PCE of 5%. [22,23] For example, Diao et al reported NF OSCs by doctor-blading with a PCE of 3.2% [24] and Gu et al reported R2R NF-based solar cells by slot die with a PCE of 5%.…”

Section: Bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-thienyl]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The big increase of 100 mV in V oc has not been reported in NF OSCs with a tiny amount of DIO addition. [23][24][25][29][30][31][32] To understand the function of DIO in PTB7-Th:ITIC BHJ formed by doctor-blading, we utilize a transient monitoring technique to track the drying processes of the three NF blend films (see Figure S5 in the Supporting Information). The optimal performance of doctor-bladed OSC is superior to the controlled spin-coating one with a PCE of 9.31%, indicating the effectiveness of the doctor-blading technique in production of NF OSCs.…”

Section: Bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-thienyl]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printed Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with the Highest Efficiency of 9.5%

Lin

Jin

Dong

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

101

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The current work reports a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.54% achieved with nonfullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) based on PTB7‐Th donor and 3,9‐bis(2‐methylene‐(3‐(1,1‐dicyanomethylene)‐indanone))‐5,5,11,11‐tetrakis(4‐hexylphenyl)‐dithieno[2,3‐d:2′,3′‐d′]‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene) (ITIC) acceptor fabricated by doctor‐blade printing, which has the highest efficiency ever reported in printed nonfullerene OSCs. Furthermore, a high PCE of 7.6% is realized in flexible large‐area (2.03 cm2) indium tin oxide (ITO)‐free doctor‐bladed nonfullerene OSCs, which is higher than that (5.86%) of the spin‐coated counterpart. To understand the mechanism of the performance enhancement with doctor‐blade printing, the morphology, crystallinity, charge recombination, and transport of the active layers are investigated. These results suggest that the good performance of the doctor‐blade OSCs is attributed to a favorable nanoscale phase separation by incorporating 0.6 vol% of 1,8‐diiodooctane that prolongs the dynamic drying time of the doctor‐bladed active layer and contributes to the migration of ITIC molecules in the drying process. High PCE obtained in the flexible large‐area ITO‐free doctor‐bladed nonfullerene OSCs indicates the feasibility of doctor‐blade printing in large‐scale fullerene‐free OSC manufacturing. For the first time, the open‐circuit voltage is increased by 0.1 V when 1 vol% solvent additive is added, due to the vertical segregation of ITIC molecules during solvent evaporation.

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“…[3,4,29,49] The donors with deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels, in particular, are incorporated to achieve a high open circuit voltage (V OC ) in NFAs-based inverted structure OSCs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device structure and to consider efficient process to maximize performance of OSC modules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation‐Free Nonfullerene Flexible Organic Solar Cell Modules Manufactured by An All‐Solution Process

Han

Jeon

Lee

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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fabricated for application over a large area, and applicability in flexible electronics. [1][2][3][4][5][6] It is possible to design high-performance devices by designing photoactive materials that constitute a bulk heterojunction (BHJ), [7][8][9] device engineering, [10][11][12][13] and a combination of these. [14,15] Therefore, this has attention as an area in which commercialization can occur through the application of flexible, wearable, and portable devices, and building-integrated photovoltaics. [4,[16][17][18][19][20] Recently, different methods such as spin coating, [21][22][23] slotdie coating, [24][25][26] and blade coating, [27,28] are being attempted to develop large-area modules with laboratory-to-industrial applications. Among them, slot-die coating can easily control each layer and the related processing factors, such as discharge rate and speed, thus enabling control of thickness and conformation. Therefore, it is the most appropriate coating method to use to produce devices and modules with large areas. [16,29] Krebs and co-workers fabricated flexible OSC modules using a roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing process called "ProcessOne." Their flexible OSC modules with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 2-3% demonstrated an energy payback time (EPBT) of 2.02-1.35 years. [30,31] Using Proces-sOne, the BHJ layer and buffer layer were formed using slot-die coating and the Ag back electrode was formed via screen printing; this resulted in the design of OSC modules with inverted structures, which enabled cost-effective production. [32,33] Several particular challenges need to be considered in the manufacturing of this type of OSC modules using an R2R process; these included thermally treating the film [34,35] and ensuring the thermal stability of the substrate [36] the uniformity of the film morphology, [22][23][24] and the evaporation process of the buffer layer and the electrode. [3,25,26,37] The large-area flexible OSC modules have been reported their efficiencies with various materials and coating methods. In flexible unit-cells with small-area, Peng and co-workers recently reported high PCE of 14.06% introducing ternary heterojunction strategy in active area of 0.04 cm 2 . [38] The flexible OSC module based thermally evaporated top electrode reported relatively higher performances. Zhou and co-workers reported tandem structure with PCE of 6.5% in active area of 10.5 cm 2 , also, Ma and co-workers reported ternary structure with PCE of To ensure laboratory-to-industry transfer of next-generation energy harvesting organic solar cells (OSCs), it is necessary to develop flexible OSC modules that can be produced on a continuous roll-to-roll basis and to apply an allsolution process. In this study, nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs)-based donor polymer, SMD2, is newly designed and synthesized to continuously fabricate high-performance flexible OSC modules. Also, multifunctional hole transport layers (HTLs), WO 3 /HTL solar bilayer HTLs, are developed and applied via an all-solution process called "ProcessOne...

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Roll‐Coated Fabrication of Fullerene‐Free Organic Solar Cells with Improved Stability

Abstract: Large area, fullerene‐free organic solar cells with improved stability and efficiency of up to 1% are fabricated by the roll‐coating process on indium tin oxide free and flexible substrates, under ambient conditions.

Cited by 92 publications

References 62 publications

Breaking the 10% Efficiency Barrier in Organic Photovoltaics: Morphology and Device Optimization of Well‐Known PBDTTT Polymers

Breaking the 10% Efficiency Barrier in Organic Photovoltaics: Morphology and Device Optimization of Well‐Known PBDTTT Polymers

Printed Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with the Highest Efficiency of 9.5%

Evaporation‐Free Nonfullerene Flexible Organic Solar Cell Modules Manufactured by An All‐Solution Process

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