Roles of nitric oxide synthases in platelet-activating factor-induced intestinal necrosis in rats

Abstract

We conclude that cNOS and iNOS play different roles in PAF-induced intestinal injury. Caution should be exerted concerning potential therapeutic uses of iNOS inhibitors.

Direct peritoneal resuscitation augments ileal blood flow in necrotizing enterocolitis via a novel mechanism

“…Although the 3 isoforms of NOS have all been evaluated in the neonatal intestine, their expression and effects have been variable [4,[29][30][31][32]. Neuronal NOS, although predominant in the adult rat intestine, was found to be decreased in neonatal NEC animals [4,30,31].…”

The effect of N G-nitro L-arginine methyl ester on colonic anastomosis after increased intra-abdominal pressure

“…However, Cuzzocrea et al [27] pointed out that cNOS, rather than iNOS, was the most likely source of intestinal NO and peroxynitrite production after I/R injury. Qu et al [28] showed that cNOS is the predominant isoform in the intestine. The last two studies suggest that the activities of all NOS isoforms may potentially contribute to intestinal oxidative stress even when they do not appear upgraded.…”

“…However, our study is limited by the lack of data showing whether L-NAME was equally effective on cNOS and iNOS. On the other hand, because all NOS isoenzymes may exhibit an inducible character and the potential to contribute to tissue damage [28], a beneficial effect of low-dose L-NAME against I/R injury may actually have resulted from its nonselective properties.…”

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“…PAF is a highly potent inflammatory mediator [18] and has been shown to stimulate the production of prostaglandins from fetal membranes [19]. A link between PAF and iNOS in other tissues has been suggested by Qu et al [20] and PAF has been found to evoke release of NO from human endometrium [21,22]. The local application of PAF was found to induce cervical ripening in rats, via infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes [23].…”