Roles of Myosin-Mediated Membrane Trafficking in TGF-β Signaling

Abstract

Recent findings have revealed the role of membrane traffic in the signaling of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). These findings originate from the pivotal function of TGF-β in development, cell proliferation, tumor metastasis, and many other processes essential in malignancy. Actin and unconventional myosin have crucial roles in subcellular trafficking of receptors; research has also revealed a growing number of unconventional myosins that have crucial roles in TGF-β signaling. Unconventional myosins modulate the spatial organization of endocytic trafficking and tether membranes or transport them along the actin cytoskeletons. Current models do not fully explain how membrane traffic forms a bridge between TGF-β and the downstream effectors that produce its functional responsiveness, such as cell migration. In this review, we present a brief overview of the current knowledge of the TGF-β signaling pathway and the molecular components that comprise the core pathway as follows: ligands, receptors, and Smad mediators. Second, we highlight key role(s) of myosin motor-mediated protein trafficking and membrane domain segregation in the modulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Finally, we review future challenges and provide future prospects in this field.

Identification of prognostically relevant gene signatures in lung squamous cell carcinoma by Lung Cancer Explorer

“…Both genes could negatively regulate the RhoA signalling pathway (28,29). Additionally, myosin members, including MYO9A, could mediate membrane trafficking of TGF-β, (30), which might explain its negative correlation with patient outcomes, as found in our study. Overexpression of the Rab family member RAB11A was associated with advanced TNM stage and poor patient prognosis through regulation of YAP and inhibition of Hippo signalling (31).…”

Tracing colonic embryonic transcriptional profiles and their reactivation upon intestinal damage

“…Lars2 encodes a mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase (Li and Guan, 2010). Myo10 was shown to be important for turnover of transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) receptor and downstream signaling (Chung et al, 2019).…”

Myosin 1f-mediated Activation of Microglia Contributes to the Photoreceptor Degeneration in a Mouse Model of Retinal Detachment

“…Besides, we have discovered that myosin 1f was up-regulated after photoreceptor degeneration. Myosins, as a family of molecular motors, have various functions in the cell, including cell transformation, cell motility, material transportation within cells, and signal transduction [42]. Furthermore, myosin 1f, a class 1 myosin, can regulate the immune response [43,44].…”