Roles of Four Chitinases (ChiA, ChiB, ChiC, and ChiD) in the Chitin Degradation System of Marine Bacterium
            <i>Alteromonas</i>
            sp. Strain O-7

Orikoshi, Hideyuki; Nakayama, Shigenari; Miyamoto, Katsushiro; Hanato, C.; Yasuda, Masahide; Inamori, Yoshihiko; Tsujibo, Hiroshi

doi:10.1128/aem.71.4.1811-1815.2005

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…1), similar to the case for the ChiC of both S. marcescens (34) and Alteromonas sp. strain O-7 (25). SpChiD was optimally active at pH 6.0 and 40°C (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Long-Chain Chitooligosaccharides by a Hypertransglycosylating Processive Endochitinase of Serratia proteamaculans 568

Purushotham

Podile

2012

J Bacteriol

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We describe the heterologous expression and characterization of a 407-residue single-domain glycosyl hydrolase family 18 chitinase (SpChiD) from Gram-negative Serratia proteamaculans 568 that has unprecedented catalytic properties. SpChiD was optimally active at pH 6.0 and 40°C, where it showed a K m of 83 mg ml ؊1 , a k cat of 3.9 ؋ 10 2 h ؊1 , and a k cat /K m of 4.7 h mg ؊1 ml ؊1 on colloidal chitin. On chitobiose, the K m , k cat , and k cat /K m were 203 M, 1.3 ؋ 10 2 h ؊1 , and 0.62 h ؊1 M ؊1 , respectively. Hydrolytic activity on chitooligosaccharides (CHOS) and colloidal chitin indicated that SpChiD was an endo-acting processive enzyme, with the unique ability to convert released chitobiose to N-acetylglucosamine, the major end product. SpChiD showed hyper transglycosylation (TG) with trimer-hexamer CHOS substrates, generating considerable amounts of long-chain CHOS. The TG activity of SpChiD was dependent on both the length and concentration of the oligomeric substrate and also on the enzyme concentration. The length and amount of accumulated TG products increased with increases in the length of the substrate and its concentration and decreased with increases in the enzyme concentration. The SpChiD bound to insoluble and soluble chitin substrates despite the absence of accessory domains. Sequence alignments and structural modeling indicated that SpChiD would have a deep substrate-binding groove lined with aromatic residues, which is characteristic of processive enzymes. SpChiD shows a combination of properties that seems rare among family 18 chitinases and that may resemble the properties of human chitotriosidase.

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“…1), similar to the case for the ChiC of both S. marcescens (34) and Alteromonas sp. strain O-7 (25). SpChiD was optimally active at pH 6.0 and 40°C (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Long-Chain Chitooligosaccharides by a Hypertransglycosylating Processive Endochitinase of Serratia proteamaculans 568

Purushotham

Podile

2012

J Bacteriol

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“…They can degrade and utilize a broad spectrum of organic substrates, including deep-sea recalcitrant organic matter (245,(250)(251)(252). Alteromonas produces and secretes a variety of extracellular enzymes that contribute to the hydrolysis of biopolymers, including polysaccharides (253)(254)(255)(256)(257), proteins (258,259), nucleic acids (260,261), and lipids (262), the major components of marine POM. Alteromonas and related species respond rapidly to phytoplankton blooms and especially to elevated POC concentrations (109,(263)(264)(265).…”

Section: Impacts Of Surface-associated Microbiota On Ocean Carbon Seqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Surface Colonization and Biofilm Development in Marine Environments

Dang

Lovell

2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

829

636

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SUMMARYBiotic and abiotic surfaces in marine waters are rapidly colonized by microorganisms. Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous advantages to these organisms and support critical ecological and biogeochemical functions in the changing marine environment. Microbial surface association also contributes to deleterious effects such as biofouling, biocorrosion, and the persistence and transmission of harmful or pathogenic microorganisms and their genetic determinants. The processes and mechanisms of colonization as well as key players among the surface-associated microbiota have been studied for several decades. Accumulating evidence indicates that specific cell-surface, cell-cell, and interpopulation interactions shape the composition, structure, spatiotemporal dynamics, and functions of surface-associated microbial communities. Several key microbial processes and mechanisms, including (i) surface, population, and community sensing and signaling, (ii) intraspecies and interspecies communication and interaction, and (iii) the regulatory balance between cooperation and competition, have been identified as critical for the microbial surface association lifestyle. In this review, recent progress in the study of marine microbial surface colonization and biofilm development is synthesized and discussed. Major gaps in our knowledge remain. We pose questions for targeted investigation of surface-specific community-level microbial features, answers to which would advance our understanding of surface-associated microbial community ecology and the biogeochemical functions of these communities at levels from molecular mechanistic details through systems biological integration.

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“…Enzymology and regulation of the chitinolytic machinery have also been studied in some aquatic representatives of the Alteromonadales order, such as Alteromonas sp. (12) and Saccharophagus degradans (formerly Microbulbifer degradans) (13), but so far not in Shewanella spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Genomics and Experimental Characterization of N-Acetylglucosamine Utilization Pathway of Shewanella oneidensis

Yang

Rodionov

et al. 2006

Journal of Biological Chemistry

128

154

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We used a comparative genomics approach implemented in the SEED annotation environment to reconstruct the chitin and GlcNAc utilization subsystem and regulatory network in most proteobacteria, including 11 species of Shewanella with completely sequenced genomes. Comparative analysis of candidate regulatory sites allowed us to characterize three different GlcNAc-specific regulons, NagC, NagR, and NagQ, in various proteobacteria and to tentatively assign a number of novel genes with specific functional roles, in particular new GlcNAc-related transport systems, to this subsystem. Genes SO3506 and SO3507, originally annotated as hypothetical in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, were suggested to encode novel variants of GlcN-6-P deaminase and GlcNAc kinase, respectively. Reconstitution of the GlcNAc catabolic pathway in vitro using these purified recombinant proteins and GlcNAc-6-P deacetylase (SO3505) validated the entire pathway. Kinetic characterization of GlcN-6-P deaminase demonstrated that it is the subject of allosteric activation by GlcNAc-6-P. Consistent with genomic data, all tested Shewanella strains except S. frigidimarina, which lacked representative genes for the GlcNAc metabolism, were capable of utilizing GlcNAc as the sole source of carbon and energy. This study expands the range of carbon substrates utilized by Shewanella spp., unambiguously identifies several genes involved in chitin metabolism, and describes a novel variant of the classical three-step biochemical conversion of GlcNAc to fructose 6-phosphate first described in Escherichia coli.

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Roles of Four Chitinases (ChiA, ChiB, ChiC, and ChiD) in the Chitin Degradation System of Marine Bacterium Alteromonas sp. Strain O-7

Cited by 53 publications

References 22 publications

Synthesis of Long-Chain Chitooligosaccharides by a Hypertransglycosylating Processive Endochitinase of Serratia proteamaculans 568

Synthesis of Long-Chain Chitooligosaccharides by a Hypertransglycosylating Processive Endochitinase of Serratia proteamaculans 568

Microbial Surface Colonization and Biofilm Development in Marine Environments

Comparative Genomics and Experimental Characterization of N-Acetylglucosamine Utilization Pathway of Shewanella oneidensis

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