“…Regarding developmental science, basic cognitive development, such as attention, executive function (EF), social cognition, and brain development, can be affected by race or culture from the early stages of development (Duffy, Toriyama, Itakura, & Kitayama, 2009; Quinn, Lee, & Pascalis, 2019; Sabbagh, Xu, Carlson, Moses, & Lee, 2006). Such racial or cultural differences may occur owing to variances in environmental factors, such as parenting practices and cultural values and norms, as well as genetic variations (Keller & Kärtner, 2013; Oh & Lewis, 2008; Senzaki, Pott, Shinohara, & Moriguchi, 2021).…”