Roles of creatine in the regulation of cardiac protein synthesis

Ingwall, J. S.; Wildenthal, K.

doi:10.1083/jcb.68.1.159

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the Arg-adequate diet, however, the rate of muscle protein synthesis should be equivalent because all diets contained adequate and equal quantities of Arg, yet muscle concentrations of Cr-related metabolites continued to increase due to GAA supplementation. While this did not manifest as an improvement in BW gain in our study, this phenomenon has been previously reported to increase muscle growth (Ingwall, 1976; Ingwall and Wildenthal, 1976). Whereas 0.06 and 0.12% GAA supplementation elicited increases in the PCr:ATP and tCr:ATP ratios in both Arg-deficient and Arg-adequate diets, improvements in the Arg-deficient scenario were 2 to 3 times greater than when diets were Arg-adequate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Guanidinoacetic acid is efficacious in improving growth performance and muscle energy homeostasis in broiler chicks fed arginine-deficient or arginine-adequate diets

2019

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Two studies were conducted to test the efficacy of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) to spare Arg and serve as a precursor of creatine (Cr) by evaluating growth performance and muscle cellular energy homeostasis in broiler chicks. In both studies, 12 replicate pens of 6 chicks received dietary treatments beginning at day 2 post-hatch. At conclusion of each study, muscle biopsy samples were collected within 60 s of euthanasia for analysis of Cr-related energy metabolites. In study 1, Arg-deficient starter and grower basal diets were supplemented with 0 (negative control, NC), 0.06, 0.12, or 0.18% GAA, or supplemental Arg (positive control, PC; 0.37 and 0.32% L-Arg in starter and grower phases, respectively). Dietary GAA elicited graded improvements, with final BW, overall BW gain, and overall G:F being increased ( P < 0.05) by 0.12% GAA compared with the NC diet with no difference to PC diet. Increases ( P < 0.001) of phosphocreatine (PCr), total Cr (tCr), and glycogen concentrations, as well as the PCr-to-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and glycogen:ATP ratios, were observed with supplementation of 0.12% GAA compared with the NC diet, even exceeding responses to the PC diet. In study 2, Arg-adequate starter and grower basal diets were supplemented with 0 (negative control, NC), 0.06, or 0.12% GAA, 0.12% Cr monohydrate (PC1), or salmon protein (PC2; containing total Arg concentrations equal to those of the NC diet in each phase and containing similar Cr as in PC1). Overall G:F was increased ( P < 0.05) by PC1, but not by PC2, compared with the NC, while GAA supplementation elicited a response intermediate to NC and PC1 diets. However, GAA supplementation increased ( P < 0.01) concentrations of tCr and glycogen, as well as the PCr:ATP and glycogen:ATP ratios, when compared with the NC (Arg-adequate) diet. Collectively, these data indicate that GAA can be used to replace Arg in practical, Arg-deficient diets and improve muscle energy homeostasis in broiler chicks receiving either Arg-deficient or Arg-adequate practical diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Guanidinoacetic acid is efficacious in improving growth performance and muscle energy homeostasis in broiler chicks fed arginine-deficient or arginine-adequate diets

2019

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“…When added to the bathing medium of differentiating skeletal and heart muscle cells in tissue culture, Cr increased rather specifically the rate of synthesis as well as the specific activity of myosin heavy chain (406,1153). In slices of the rat neostriatum, Cr inhibited the GABAsynthesizing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase as well as the veratridine-induced release of GABA, but significant effects were only observed at an unphysiologically high Cr concentration of 25 mM (864).…”

Section: Phosphocreatine and Creatine As Purported Allosteric Effmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The underlying basis for this weight gain is still unclear. It may be due to stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (255,406,1153) or to increased water retention in the initial days of Cr supplementation (387,442). Because the proportion of fat tended to decrease and lean tissue weight increased with Cr supplementation (209,312,510,511,952,1040), the increase in body weight most likely reflects a corresponding increase in actual muscle mass and/or volume, a point that is particularly relevant for bodybuilders.…”

Section: Creatine Supplementation In Sports Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Creatine and Creatinine Metabolism

Wyss

Kaddurah‐Daouk

2000

Physiological Reviews

2,365

2,103

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The goal of this review is to present a comprehensive survey of the many intriguing facets of creatine (Cr) and creatinine metabolism, encompassing the pathways and regulation of Cr biosynthesis and degradation, species and tissue distribution of the enzymes and metabolites involved, and of the inherent implications for physiology and human pathology. Very recently, a series of new discoveries have been made that are bound to have distinguished implications for bioenergetics, physiology, human pathology, and clinical diagnosis and that suggest that deregulation of the creatine kinase (CK) system is associated with a variety of diseases. Disturbances of the CK system have been observed in muscle, brain, cardiac, and renal diseases as well as in cancer. On the other hand, Cr and Cr analogs such as cyclocreatine were found to have antitumor, antiviral, and antidiabetic effects and to protect tissues from hypoxic, ischemic, neurodegenerative, or muscle damage. Oral Cr ingestion is used in sports as an ergogenic aid, and some data suggest that Cr and creatinine may be precursors of food mutagens and uremic toxins. These findings are discussed in depth, the interrelationships are outlined, and all is put into a broader context to provide a more detailed understanding of the biological functions of Cr and of the CK system.

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“…However, several previous investigations have implicated a possible role for creatine in this process. Creatine has been reported to stimulate the incorporation of radioactive amino acids into myofibrillar proteins in both embryonic muscle-cell cultures and organ cultures (Ingwall et al, 1972;Ingwall & Wildenthal, 1976), although subsequent re-evaluation of these data was unable to demonstrate stimulation (Fry & Morales, 1980). The observations that electrical stimulation (Brevet et al, 1976) and Ca2+-ionophore treatment (Kameyama & Etlinger, 1979; stimulate myosin synthesis can also be rationalized as indirect actions of creatine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of creatine on contents of myosin heavy chain and myosin-heavy-chain mRNA in steady-state chicken muscle-cell cultures

Young¹,

Denome²

1984

Biochemical Journal

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Embryonic-chick muscle cells reach a steady state with respect to protein metabolism after approx. 1 week in cell culture. To determine if this steady state could be altered by the administration of agents that have been reported to stimulate myosin heavy-chain synthesis, 7-day muscle-cell cultures were treated with 0-1 mM-creatine. Incorporation of [3H]leucine into myosin heavy chain was stimulated by 30-40% at the optimum creatine concentration (0.2 mM), but this stimulation was blocked when actinomycin D (10 micrograms/ml) was also present. However, the quantity of myosin-heavy-chain mRNA as measured by hybridization in vitro was only 15% higher in creatine-treated cultures, and was therefore not entirely responsible for the observed effect. It is important to note that creatine only exerted its action on myosin-heavy-chain synthesis rate in steady-state cultures; creatine was ineffective in altering this rate in rapidly differentiating 3-day muscle cultures. Finally, muscle-cell cultures that had been grown for the entire 7-day culture period in the presence of 0.2 mM-creatine were assayed for quantity of myosin heavy chain. Control and creatine-treated cultures contained 12.7 +/- 1.5 and 20.5 +/- 1.8 micrograms/dish respectively. In conclusion, creatine apparently enhances the quantity of myosin heavy chain in steady-state embryonic muscle-cell cultures, but it probably does not mediate regulation of myosin content in adult skeletal muscle.

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Roles of creatine in the regulation of cardiac protein synthesis

Abstract: The observation that increased muscular activity leads to muscle hypertrophy is well known, but identification of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms by which this occurs remains an important problem. Experiments have been described (5, 6) which suggest that creatine, an end

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Guanidinoacetic acid is efficacious in improving growth performance and muscle energy homeostasis in broiler chicks fed arginine-deficient or arginine-adequate diets

Guanidinoacetic acid is efficacious in improving growth performance and muscle energy homeostasis in broiler chicks fed arginine-deficient or arginine-adequate diets

Creatine and Creatinine Metabolism

Effect of creatine on contents of myosin heavy chain and myosin-heavy-chain mRNA in steady-state chicken muscle-cell cultures

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