Roles of C-reactive protein polymorphisms and life event changes on cognitive function in bipolar patients receiving valproate

Abstract

Introduction Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) exhibit an inflamed condition that is associated with metabolic disturbance and cognitive impairment. Whether inflammation, represented by C-reactive protein (CRP), is causally associated with BD and influences treatment outcome has not been established. Methods We examined whether CRP is a causal factor for the risk of BD in drug-naïve, depressed BD patients and investigated whether polymorphisms in CRP and life event changes influence cognitive function in BD patients receiving valproate (VPA) treatment. Results Our results showed that BD patients had significantly higher CRP levels and worse cognitive function than the controls, while the frequencies of CRP single nucleotide polymorphisms in BD patients and in controls were not different. In addition, the life event scale score was higher for BD patients than for controls. Furthermore, the genotypes of CRP polymorphisms and the interactions between polymorphisms of CRP and life event scale score had a significant influence on cognitive performance in BD patients after 12 weeks of VPA treatment. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the clinical utility of the application of functional genetics in clarifying the interactions among CRP, life event stress, and BD and suggested the important roles of CRP gene–environment interactions in developing treatment strategies for BD.

The death rate of COVID-19 infection in different SARS-CoV-2 variants was related to C-reactive protein gene polymorphisms

“…A number of SNPs are associated with plasma levels of CRP on the CRP gene. In addition to rs1205 and rs1800947 in the 3′- and 5′-flanking regions, rs1417938 is present in the intron, and rs1800947 appears in exon 2 24 , 25 .…”