Roles of ATP in Insulin Actions

“…Insulin activates a membrane-bound cAMP phosphodiesterase activity in liver and fat which can result in a decrease in activity of CAMP-dependent protein kinase and hence a decrease in the phosphorylation of triacylglycerol lipase, phosphorylase kinase and other proteins (see Makino et al, 1994, for review). The activation of phosphodiesterase is probably caused by an increase in phosphorylation but the insulinactivated protein kinase involved has not been identified (Degerman et al, 1990;Makino et al, 1994;Rahn et al, 1994). Examples of the other possible mechanisms have been suggested to be important in the regulation of glycogen synthase and protein synthesis and are discussed in sections 4.3 and 4.5.…”

Section: Survey Of the Role Of Map Kinase In Mediating The Major Effementioning

confidence: 99%

Does Mitogen-Activated-Protein Kinase have a Role in Insulin Action?. The Cases for and Against

Denton

Tavaré²

1995

Eur J Biochem

129

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The discovery of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family of protein kinases has sparked off an intensive effort to elucidate their role in the regulation of many cellular processes. These protein kinases were originally identified based on their rapid activation by insulin. In this review we concentrate on examining the evidence for and against a role for the MAP kinases Erk-1 and Erk-2 in mediating the effects of insulin. While there is good evidence in favour of a direct role for MAP kinase in the growth-promoting effects of insulin and the regulation of Glut-1 and c-fos expression, and AP-1 transcriptional complex activity, this is by no means conclusive. MAP kinase may also play a role in the control of mRNA translation by insulin. On the other hand, the evidence suggests that MAP kinase is not sufficient for the acute regulation of glucose transport (Glut-4 translocation), glycogen synthesis, acetyl-CoA carboxylase or pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. The findings suggest that insulin may utilise at least three distinct signalling pathways which do not involve MAP kinase.

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“…There have been a number of reviews about purinergic signalling in the pancreas over the years (Tahani 1979, Hillaire-Buys et al 1994a, Makino et al 1994, Dubyak 1999, Novak 2003, Hellman 2009, Petit et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic signalling in the pancreas in health and disease

Burnstock

Novak²

2012

Journal of Endocrinology

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Pancreatic cells contain specialised stores for ATP. Purinergic receptors (P2 and P1) and ecto-nucleotidases are expressed in both endocrine and exocrine calls, as well as in stromal cells. The pancreas, especially the endocrine cells, were an early target for the actions of ATP. After the historical perspective of purinergic signalling in the pancreas, the focus of this review will be the physiological functions of purinergic signalling in the regulation of both endocrine and exocrine pancreas. Next, we will consider possible interaction between purinergic signalling and other regulatory systems and their relation to nutrient homeostasis and cell survival. The pancreas is an organ exhibiting several serious diseases -cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and diabetes -and some are associated with changes in life-style and are increasing in incidence. There is upcoming evidence for the role of purinergic signalling in the pathophysiology of the pancreas, and the new challenge is to understand how it is integrated with other pathological processes.

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Roles of ATP in Insulin Actions

Cited by 18 publications

References 65 publications

Structure, Localization, and Regulation of cGMP-inhibited Phosphodiesterase (PDE3)

Structure, Localization, and Regulation of cGMP-inhibited Phosphodiesterase (PDE3)

Does Mitogen-Activated-Protein Kinase have a Role in Insulin Action?. The Cases for and Against

Purinergic signalling in the pancreas in health and disease

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