Roles of Antioxidative Enzymes in Wound Healing

Abstract

Abstract:Since skin is the first barrier separating the body from the external environment, impaired wound healing can be life threatening to living organisms. Delayed healing processes are observed in animals under certain circumstances, such as advanced age, diabetes, and immunosuppression, but the underlying mechanisms of the abnormality remain elusive. Redox homeostasis is defined as the balance between the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in which antioxidative enzymes play central roles in scavenging ROS. In addition to deleterious effects, ROS also exert beneficial functions on some cellular processes such as transducing phosphorylation signaling, but excessive antioxidants may impede the healing process. Hence, strict control over the amounts of antioxidants is desirable when applied for therapeutic purposes. Here we overview recent findings regarding the relationships between antioxidative enzymes and wound healing. Unveiling the role of antioxidative enzymes is expected to contribute to our understanding of the wound healing processes.

Non-thermal air plasma promotes the healing of acute skin wounds in rats

“…The wound area was significantly more reduced in the rats treated with NTP than in that of the untreated rats on day 7, and also histological analysis confirmed an enhanced epithelisation and a reduced granulation tissue area after plasma treatment. Respectively, improved wound contraction after the plasma treatment has also been confirmed in other studies using NTP generated from argon, helium or nitrogen1678910111213141516171830.…”

“…It is known that ROS play roles not only in disinfection during the inflammatory phase, but also in other phases involved in the regulation of tissue repair including migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis14. On the other hand, excessive ROS production may impede the healing process by creating an imbalanced redox homeostasis15.…”

Wound Healing Effect of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water on Cutaneous Wounds in Hairless Mice <i>via</i> Immune-Redox Modulation

“…20) In addition, antioxidant enzymes play a role in detoxification of ROS in the skin to avoid oxidative stress and to maximize the healing effect. 4) In this study, SOD did not have any significant change which is evidence that the step toward the dismutation of superoxide ion into H 2 O 2 was already done. This result confirms that the wounds were past initial inflammatory phase of wound healing.…”

“…The balance of ROS levels is required to escape damaging effects as well as to execute its beneficial functions. 4) ROS' role in the inflammatory phase is well known wherein inflammatory cells migrate to the wound and secretes ROS to help in attacking pathogens, and moderate amount of ROS could facilitate angiogenesis and re-epithelialization.…”

“…1) Several studies reveal that different factors can influence wound healing such as immune response and inflammation, redox homeostasis, and also pH. [2][3][4][5] In relation to this, there is a rise in the use of topical applications or dressings to control and alter skin pH which can make wounds heal faster. The use of alcohol and povidone-iodine (Betadine) are some of the proven and tested agents in wound healing.…”