Roles for farnesol and ABA in Arabidopsis flower development

Fitzpatrick, A. Heather; Shrestha, Nisha; Bhandari, Jayaram; Crowell, Dring N.

doi:10.4161/psb.6.8.15772

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…ABA prominently contributes to plant defense response against both abiotic and biotic stress conditions (Fitzpatrick et al, 2011 ). ABA shows negative interaction with JA-signaling in the modulation of Arabidopsis resistance to the necrotrophic fungi but it can also positively regulate the resistance to some biotrophic pathogens (Denance et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Fungal Pathogenicity and Leaf Defense Strategies Are Revealed by Simultaneous Transcriptome Analysis of Colletotrichum fructicola and Strawberry Infected by This Fungus

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Colletotrichum fructicola, which is part of the C. gloeosporioides species complex, can cause anthracnose diseases in strawberries worldwide. However, the molecular interactions between C. fructicola and strawberry are largely unknown. A deep RNA-sequencing approach was applied to gain insights into the pathogenicity mechanisms of C. fructicola and the defense response of strawberry plants at different stages of infection. The transcriptome data showed stage-specific transcription accompanied by a step-by-step strawberry defense response and the evasion of this defense system by fungus. Fungal genes involved in plant cell wall degradation, secondary metabolism, and detoxification were up-regulated at different stage of infection. Most importantly, C. fructicola infection was accompanied by a large number of highly expressed effectors. Four new identified effectors function in the suppression of Bax-mediated programmed cell death. Strawberry utilizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity to prevent C. fructicola invasion, followed by the initiation of downstream innate immunity. The up-regulation of genes related to salicylic acid provided evidence that salicylic acid signaling may serve as the core defense signaling mechanism, while jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways were largely inhibited by C. fructicola. The necrotrophic stage displayed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in reactive oxygen species activation. Collectively, the transcriptomic data of both C. fructicola and strawberry shows that even though plants build a multilayered defense against infection, C. fructicola employs a series of escape or antagonizing mechanisms to successfully infect host cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Fungal Pathogenicity and Leaf Defense Strategies Are Revealed by Simultaneous Transcriptome Analysis of Colletotrichum fructicola and Strawberry Infected by This Fungus

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…In sugar apple, low auxin and cytokinin levels may affect downstream processes of flower development and lead to malformed flowers. ABA alters the number of carpels in Arabidopsis [ 64 ]. Compared with normal flowers, lower ABA level may affect the formation of carpels in malformed flowers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptomic analyses of normal and malformed flowers in sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) to identify the differential expressed genes between normal and malformed flowers

Liu

et al. 2017

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundSugar apple (Annona squamosa L.), a popular fruit with high medicinal and nutritional properties, is widely cultivated in tropical South Asia and America. The malformed flower is a major cause for a reduction in production of sugar apple. However, little information is available on the differences between normal and malformed flowers of sugar apple.ResultsTo gain a comprehensive perspective on the differences between normal and malformed flowers of sugar apple, cDNA libraries from normal and malformation flowers were prepared independently for Illumina sequencing. The data generated a total of 70,189,896 reads that were integrated and assembled into 55,097 unigenes with a mean length of 783 bp. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Among these DEGs, 701 flower development-associated transcript factor encoding genes were included. Furthermore, a large number of flowering- and hormone-related DEGs were also identified, and most of these genes were down-regulated expressed in the malformation flowers. The expression levels of 15 selected genes were validated using quantitative-PCR. The contents of several endogenous hormones were measured. The malformed flowers displayed lower endogenous hormone levels compared to the normal flowers.ConclusionsThe expression data as well as hormone levels in our study will serve as a comprehensive resource for investigating the regulation mechanism involved in floral organ development in sugar apple.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-017-1135-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…2' buds throughout all three bud differentiation stages. An earlier investigation revealed that ABA contents increase during flower bud differentiation, especially during flower organogenesis [32]. Moreover, ABA helps regulate seed development and floral and phase transitions in response to environmental stresses [18].…”

Section: Significant Differences In Bud Sugar and Hormone Levels Betwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative RNA-sequencing-based transcriptome profiling of buds from profusely flowering ‘Qinguan’ and weakly flowering ‘Nagafu no. 2’ apple varieties reveals novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying floral induction

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2018

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundFloral induction is an important stage in the apple tree life cycle. In ‘Nagafu No. 2’, which was derived from a ‘Fuji’ bud sport, flower bud formation is associated with serious problems, such as fewer and inferior flower buds, a long juvenile phase, and an alternate bearing phenotype. Moreover, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying apple floral induction remain unknown. To characterize these mechanisms, we compared the RNA-sequencing-based transcriptome profiles of buds during floral induction in profusely flowering ‘Qinguan’ and weakly flowering ‘Nagafu No. 2’ apple varieties.ResultsGenes differentially expressed between the buds of the two varieties were mainly related to carbohydrate, fatty acid, and lipid pathways. Additionally, the steady up-regulated expression of genes related to the fatty acid and lipid pathways and the down-regulated expression of starch synthesis-related genes in the carbon metabolic pathway of ‘Qinguan’ relative to ‘Nagafu No. 2’ were observed to contribute to the higher flowering rate of ‘Qinguan’. Additionally, global gene expression profiling revealed that genes related to cytokinin, indole-3-acetic acid, and gibberellin synthesis, signalling, and responses (i.e., factors contributing to cell division and differentiation and bud growth) were significantly differentially expressed between the two varieties. The up-regulated expression of genes involved in abscisic acid and salicylic acid biosynthesis via shikimate pathways as well as jasmonic acid production through fatty acid pathways in ‘Qinguan’ buds were also revealed to contribute to the floral induction and relatively high flowering rate of this variety. The differential expression of transcription factor genes (i.e., SPL, bZIP, IDD, and MYB genes) involved in multiple biological processes was also observed to play key roles in floral induction. Finally, important flowering genes (i.e., FT, FD, and AFL) were significantly more highly expressed in ‘Qinguan’ buds than in ‘Nagafu No. 2’ buds during floral induction.ConclusionsA complex genetic network of regulatory mechanisms involving carbohydrate, fatty acid, lipid, and hormone pathways may mediate the induction of apple tree flowering.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1555-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Roles for farnesol and ABA in Arabidopsis flower development

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Novel Fungal Pathogenicity and Leaf Defense Strategies Are Revealed by Simultaneous Transcriptome Analysis of Colletotrichum fructicola and Strawberry Infected by This Fungus

Novel Fungal Pathogenicity and Leaf Defense Strategies Are Revealed by Simultaneous Transcriptome Analysis of Colletotrichum fructicola and Strawberry Infected by This Fungus

Comparative transcriptomic analyses of normal and malformed flowers in sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) to identify the differential expressed genes between normal and malformed flowers

Comparative RNA-sequencing-based transcriptome profiling of buds from profusely flowering ‘Qinguan’ and weakly flowering ‘Nagafu no. 2’ apple varieties reveals novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying floral induction

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