Roles for cerebellum and subsumption architecture in central pattern generation

Abstract

Within vertebrates, central pattern generators drive rhythmical behaviours, such as locomotion and ventilation. Their pattern generation is also influenced by sensory input and various forms of neuromodulation. These capabilities arose early in vertebrate evolution, preceding the evolution of the cerebellum in jawed vertebrates. This later evolution of the cerebellum is suggestive of subsumption architecture that adds functionality to a pre-existing network. From a central-pattern-generator perspective, what additional functionality might the cerebellum provide? The suggestion is that the adaptive filter capabilities of the cerebellum may be able to use error learning to appropriately repurpose pattern output. Examples may include head and eye stabilization during locomotion, song learning, and context-dependent alternation between learnt motor-control sequences.

Dysphagia following cerebellar stroke: analyzing the contribution of the cerebellum to swallowing function

“…The cerebellum also has many projections to the brainstem, such as nucleus tractus solitarius and nucleus ambiguous ( 9 ). The cerebellum is thought to affect different central pattern generators such as swallowing ( 10 ). Therefore, cerebellar damage can lead to tremors, incoordination, and inaccuracy in movements, especially in swallowing ( 7 , 11 ).…”