Role Transgressions, Shame, and Guilt Among Clergy

Crosskey, Laura Barnard; Curry, John F.; Leary, Mark R.

doi:10.1007/s11089-015-0644-6

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Though similar studies involving seminary students have found that those in seminary are especially vulnerable to anxiety and depression due to financial difficulties (Proeschold et al, 2015), it was previously unclear whether and how shame was involved in this dynamic. It was proposed that shame may be especially prominent within the seminary environment because the financial situation that seminarians are in often differs from mainstream society; they may be explicitly shamed by others or experience an internal sense of shame for the difference (Crosskey et al, 2015;Doehring, 2016). Another proposed explanation as to why shame enters into students' view of their financial hardship is that they may consider themselves to be flawed or incapable of providing for themselves, a central facet of the shame experience (Miller et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One outcome that has been investigated in relation to financial stress on ministry workers is the experience of shame (Doehring, 2016). Shame, described as the internalization that one is bad or defective at one's core (Crosskey et al, 2015), has been proposed as a byproduct of the North American dream that financial stability and success are the result of hard work (Doehring, 2016). Seminarians are shouldering high monetary expenses while anticipating lower future compensation.…”

Section: Financial Stress and Shamementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, though those in seminary have been found to be especially vulnerable to anxiety and depression due to financial difficulties (Proeschold et al, 2015), it is unclear whether shame is also a factor. We believe that shame may be an important factor for seminary students in particular because the financial path they are on often differs from peers who are not pursuing a religious vocation; seminarians are likely sacrificing the pursuit of financial prosperity and may be shamed or compared to others in their families and communities who achieve greater financial success (Crosskey et al, 2015;Doehring, 2016). Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between financial well-being and mental health symptoms of anxiety and depression and how shame may, in part, account for this relationship.…”

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Experience of Financial Well-Being, Shame, and Mental Health Outcomes in Seminary Students

et al. 2021

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The experience of pursuing a graduate seminary education is rife with many stressors, including the heavy financial burden required to fund a seminary degree. Shame, understood as an experience of being unworthy and inadequate at one's core, may be a natural reaction to financial hardship as many individuals may believe their inadequacy is the cause of their financial difficulties. The present study assessed 189 graduate seminary students from institutions accredited by the Association of Theological Schools to further understand the relationships between shame, financial distress, depression, anxiety, and spiritual well-being. Based on previous research, we hypothesized that financial wellbeing and shame would be negatively correlated. Furthermore, we hypothesized that shame would mediate the relationship between financial well-being and a number of negative outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and lack of spiritual well-being. Our findings demonstrated that the seminary population experienced shame in regard to perceived lack of financial well-being; shame was significantly and negatively related to financial well-being and significantly mediated the relationship between financial well-being and depression, anxiety, and spiritual well-being. These results indicate that financial hardship, including student debt, appears to have a far-reaching impact that causes distress on various levels for seminary students and that shame may be an important mechanism in understanding how this happens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Financial Stress and Shamementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Experience of Financial Well-Being, Shame, and Mental Health Outcomes in Seminary Students

et al. 2021

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“…The word shame occurs five times in the Anderson essay itself in the course of telling the findings of five of the articles that are cited, because these articles use the s-word. This is a thin relationship to the idea of shame, since there is no citing of the shame literature itself [29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Hiding Shamementioning

confidence: 99%

Hiding Shame in Science and Scholarship

Scheff¹

2018

PPRIJ

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Modern societies tend to ignore emotion, especially the emotion of shame. But for that reason, shame especially may become important to understand. Beginning with Norbert Elias and Helen B. Lewis, there is a literature on shame that might help see its' influence, especially how hiding shame may generate anger and violence. There seem to be many recent systematic empirical studies of shame that use other terms, such as rejection, exclusion, loss of social status, social suffering, search for recognition, honor/dishonor, vengeance/ revenge etc. This practice may be hiding the crucial importance of shame as a cause of violence and many other problems.From his study of five hundred years of European etiquette and advice manuals, the sociologist Norbert Elias (1939; 1978) proposed that shame and its close kin (embarrassment and humiliation) have been gradually replacing physical punishment as a way of upholding cultural conventions. But at the same time that shame has become more dominant in modern societies, it is less and less mentioned.Elias's thesis is that there is a difference between shame that is felt, the basis of morality, and shame that is hidden not only from others but even from self. The hiding of shame seems to occur not only in the public but also equally in the world and science and scholarship. Shame is frequently studied in social/behavioral, political and medical science, and history, but under different names so that the term shame is almost completely hidden. Perhaps shame is taboo, not only in the public at large, but also in serious studies of human behavior.There are many studies in anthropology of "cultures of honor": how insults to honor lead to humiliation and revenge.Most of these studies however, assume that this sequence causes violence only in traditional societies, where shame is out in the open. It is not considered to occur in modern societies. Although the word honor has gone out of style, the emotion of shame has not. It seems to be socially and biologically based, so that it is probably a historical and cross cultural.The taboo on shame has many weakening effects on knowledge, because it cordons off into separate groups what ought to be a single field, reinforcing the existing taboo. For example, it hides studies that support's Gilligan's (1997) conjecture on hidden shame as a cause of violence, such as rejection, status attainment, loss of social status, social suffering, search for recognition, honor/dishonor, vengeance/ revenge, and so on. It also slows down the process of replicating studies Mini ReviewVolume 3 Issue 2

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“…6,7 Studies from psychology show that shame often leads to withdrawal, isolation, and hiding, 6 and is associated with depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and impaired empathy, among other negative outcomes. [8][9][10][11] In a qualitative study on shame in medical residents, participants described shame as a potentially debilitating emotion that could lead to similar negative outcomes, including depressive feelings, isolation and withdrawal, unprofessional behavior, and impaired empathy. 12 Factors both internal and external to residents triggered and/or contributed to their shame experiences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%