Changes to the structure and funding of hospitals in Australia are progressing at a rapid pace. Decentralized organizational structures based on a product concept have increased the responsibility and managerial skills needed of first-line nurse managers. The purpose of this study was to determine a profile of first-line nurse managers in hospitals in New South Wales. Data related to education, experience and career plans were obtained from 318 respondents in 34 hospitals. The results indicate a lack of experience and educational preparation in management which has implications for the role of more senior nurse managers.