Role of β-catenin in the developing cortical and hippocampal neuroepithelium

Machoň, Ondřej; Bout, Christiaan J. van den; Backman, Mattias; Kemler, Rolf; Krauß, Stefan

doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(03)00519-0

Cited by 203 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Indeed, although they are not classical neurotrophic factors, both sets of genes are critical for normal brain development [16,98] and specifically control the architectural development of the hippocampus and neocortex [32,52,54,70,100], two areas that are known to be targeted for disruption by organophosphates [1,65,72,73,91]. There is limited information linking altered expression of specific members of the wnt and fzd families to adverse neurobehavioral outcomes, but it is notable that wnt5a and fzd3, which we found to be reduced by both chlorpyrifos and diazinon, are key determinants in establishing the dopaminergic phenotype [12] and development of dopamine projections [96].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting of neurotrophic factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo and in vitro

Slotkin¹,

Seidler²,

Fumagalli³

2008

Brain Research Bulletin

127

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Neurotrophic factors control neural cell differentiation and assembly of neural circuits. We previously showed that organophosphate pesticides differentially regulate members of the fibroblast growth factor (fgf) gene family. We administered chlorpyrifos and diazinon to neonatal rats on postnatal days 1-4 at doses devoid of systemic toxicity or growth impairment, and spanning the threshold for barely-detectable cholinesterase inhibition. We evaluated the impact on gene families for different classes of neurotrophic factors. Using microarrays, we examined the regional expression of mRNAs encoding the neurotrophins (ntfs), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf), nerve growth factor (ngf), the wnt and fzd gene families and the corresponding receptors. Chlorpyrifos and diazinon both had widespread effects on the fgf, ntf, wnt and fzd families but much less on the bdnf and ngf groups. However, the two organophosphates showed disparate effects on a number of key neurotrophic factors. To determine if the actions were mediated directly on differentiating neurons, we tested chlorpyrifos in PC12 cells, an in vitro model of neural cell development. Effects in PC12 cells mirrored many of those for members of the fgf, ntf and wnt families, as well as the receptors for the ntfs, especially during early differentiation, the stage known to be most susceptible to disruption by organophosphates. Our results suggest that actions on neurotrophic factors provide a mechanism for the developmental neurotoxicity of low doses of organophosphates, and, since effects on expression of the affected genes differed with test agent, may help explain regional disparities in effects and critical periods of vulnerability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting of neurotrophic factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo and in vitro

Slotkin¹,

Seidler²,

Fumagalli³

2008

Brain Research Bulletin

127

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“…Our findings thus support three major roles of β-catenin-1 in anterior regeneration: (1) the specification and maintenance of the anterior signaling center, defined by the tiprelated expression of notum (Petersen and Reddien, 2011) and other genes (Chen et al, 2013;Gaviño et al, 2013;Roberts-Galbraith and Newmark, 2013;Scimone et al, 2014;Vásquez-Doorman and Petersen, 2014;Vogg et al, 2014) (Fig. 6A,B); (2) the regeneration of the brain, through the regulation of the brain-related expression of notum (Hill and Petersen, 2015); and (3) the specification of different neuronal cell types, as described in most animal models (Ciani and Salinas, 2005;Hari et al, 2002;Lewis et al, 2004;Machon et al, 2003;Watanabe et al, 2014;Yu and Malenka, 2003;Zechner et al, 2003).…”

Section: β-Catenin-1 Controls Anterior Patterningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of planarian βCATENIN-1 reveals multiple roles during anterior-posterior regeneration and organogenesis

2016

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The β-catenin-dependent Wnt pathway exerts multiple contextdependent roles in embryonic and adult tissues. In planarians, β-catenin-1 is thought to specify posterior identities through the generation of an anteroposterior gradient. However, the existence of such a gradient has not been directly demonstrated. Here, we use a specific polyclonal antibody to demonstrate that nuclear β-CATENIN-1 exists as an anteroposterior gradient from the pre-pharyngeal region to the tail of the planarian Schmidtea polychroa. High levels in the posterior region steadily decrease towards the pre-pharyngeal region but then increase again in the head region. During regeneration, β-CATENIN-1 is nuclearized in both anterior and posterior blastemas, but the canonical WNT1 ligand only influences posterior nuclearization. Additionally, β-catenin-1 is required for proper anterior morphogenesis, consistent with the high levels of nuclear β-CATENIN-1 observed in this region. We further demonstrate that β-CATENIN-1 is abundant in developing and differentiated organs, and is particularly required for the specification of the germline. Altogether, our findings provide the first direct evidence of an anteroposterior nuclear β-CATENIN-1 gradient in adult planarians and uncover novel, context-dependent roles for β-catenin-1 during anterior regeneration and organogenesis.

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“…Interference with the AJ-associated afadin/ AF-6 protein in mice leads to the disruption of neuroepithelial cell polarity, as evidenced by mislocalization of prominin-1 to the baso-lateral plasma membrane (Zhadanov et al, 1999;Manabe et al, 2002). In addition, disruption of AJs by inactivation of cadherin cytoplasmic partners ␤-catenin (Machon et al, 2003;Junghans et al, 2005) and ␣ E-catenin (Lien et al, 2006) leads to impairment in the apical distribution of Par complex proteins and centrosomes. The importance of apical-basal polarity has been directly demonstrated by analyzing the phenotype of the hyh (hydrocephalus with hop gait) mouse (Chae et al, 2004).…”

Section: Similarities and Differences Between Adult And Fetal Neuralmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microenvironment of the embryonic neural stem cell: Lessons from adult niches?

Lathia

Rao

Mattson

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

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A better understanding of the signals regulating embryonic neural stem cells is clearly an important goal. However, many studies on neural stem cell biology are conducted on the slowly-dividing cells found in the adult CNS, where specialized microenvironments or niches maintain the stem cells throughout life. By contrast, the embryonic VZ is a transient structure that does not fulfill the criteria conventionally used to define niches. In this review we will examine whether, despite these differences, the signals found in other adult stem cell niches are present in the VZ. Using the similarities and differences we observe, we will reconsider whether the location of embryonic stem cell populations such as the VZ can be thought of as niches. Finally, we will ask how these lessons from the niche inform our understanding of neurodevelopmental diseases and cancers of the CNS. Developmental Dynamics 236:3267-3282, 2007.

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Role of β-catenin in the developing cortical and hippocampal neuroepithelium

Cited by 203 publications

References 76 publications

Targeting of neurotrophic factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo and in vitro

Targeting of neurotrophic factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo and in vitro

Localization of planarian βCATENIN-1 reveals multiple roles during anterior-posterior regeneration and organogenesis

The microenvironment of the embryonic neural stem cell: Lessons from adult niches?

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