Role of water on PMMA/clay nanocomposites synthesized by in situ polymerization in ethanol and supercritical carbon dioxide

Hossain, Md. D.; Kim, Won Soo; Hwang, Ha Soo; Lim, Kwon Taek

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2009.04.044

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Lim and cowokers23 reported the effect of water on the intercalation and exfoliation behavior of alkyl ammonium substituted polysilsesquioxane surfactant‐modified clay in the preparation of PMMA/MMT nanocomposites via free radical polymerization. Thus, highly intercalated nanocomposites were produced in supercritical scCO 2 solvent, while partially exfoliated ones were formed in aqueous scCO 2 solvent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and thermal behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/Maghnia bentonite nanocomposite prepared at room temperature via in situ polymerization initiated by a new Ni(II)α‐benzoinoxime complex

Ouaad

Djadoun

Ferfera-Harrar

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate)/clay nanocomposite (PMMA/ OBT) were successfully prepared in dioxan at room temperature via in situ radical polymerization initiated by a new Ni(II)a-Benzoinoxime complex as a single component in presence of 3% by weight of an organically modified bentonite (OBT) (originated from Maghnia, Algeria) and characterized by FTIR, 1 H-NMR and viscometry. Mainly intercalated and partially exfoliated PMMA/OBT nanocomposite was elaborated and evidenced by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The intrinsic viscosity of PMMA/OBT nanocomposite is much higher than the one of pure PMMA prepared under the same conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) displayed an increase of 10 C in the glass transition temperature of the elaborated PMMA/OBT nanocomposite relative to the one of pure PMMA. Moreover, the TGA analysis confirms a significant improvement of the thermal stability of PMMA/OBT nanocomposite compared to virgin PMMA: the onset degradation temperature of the nanocomposite, carried out under nitrogen atmosphere, increased by more than 45 C.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and thermal behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/Maghnia bentonite nanocomposite prepared at room temperature via in situ polymerization initiated by a new Ni(II)α‐benzoinoxime complex

Ouaad

Djadoun

Ferfera-Harrar

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) is the most abundant nanoclay mineral that is easily available with a good swelling capacity, high cation exchange capacity and high surface area [3]. However, the hydrophilic nature of nanoclay hinders homogenous dispersion of nanoclay in the hydrophobic polymer matrix [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Nanoclay for the Synthesis of Polycaprolactone (PCL) – Clay Nanocomposite

Yusoh

Kumaran

Ismail

2018

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. This paper presents a new modification method to modify the surface of nanoclay (Na-MMT) to increase its d-spacing using Aminopropylisooctyl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (AP-POSS) and the fabrication of Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanocomposite through solution intercalation technique. The structure and morphology of pure nanoclay, modified nanoclay (POSS-MMT) and the PCL nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). XRD revealed that the d-spacing of the POSS-MMT is increased by 0.64 nm as compared to pure nanoclay. FTIR and FESEM results also showed that AP-POSS were well dispersed and intercalated throughout the interlayer space of Na-MMT. An exfoliated structure was also observed for PCL/POSS-MMT nanocomposite. Thermal properties of the nanocomposite were investigated using Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA) which recorded highest degradation temperature for PCL/POSS-MMT 1% nanocomposite which is 394.1˚C at 50% weight loss (T50%) but a decrease in degradation temperature when POSS-MMT content is increased and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis which showed highest melting and crystallization temperature for PCL/POSS-MMT 5% nanocomposite which is 56.6˚C and 32.7˚C respectively whereas a decrease in degree of crystallinity for PCL/POSS-MMT nanocomposite as compared to PCL/Na-MMT nanocomposite. This study affords an efficient modification method to obtain organoclay with larger interlayer d-spacing to enhance the properties of polymer nanocomposite.

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“…Polymer-clay nanocomposites have attracted the attention from the industry as well as academic research institutes 4,5 because of their improved physical, chemical and mechanical properties at very low clay content (<5 wt%) 4,6 when compared with conventionally filled polymer composites. Generally, the polymer-clay nanocomposites may have enhanced gas barrier, electrical, optical, flame retardancy properties and thermal properties compared to pure polymer 7,8 . Montmorillonite (MMT) is used to prepare polymerclay nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each , located into the space between layers of clay 9,10 . Natural montmorillonite (MMT) have been treated with organic cations to obtain an organophilic montmorillonite or organoclay with the purpose of improving their compatibility with polymer matrix 8,9 . Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a transparent, synthetic and rigid polymer which presents low crystallinity as well as good mechanical strength and electrical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of poly (methyl methacrylate)/organomodified montmorillonite nanocomposites obtained by in situ photopolymerization

et al. 2013

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The organoclay/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ photopolymerization method using two solvents, ethanol and acetonitrile. The influences of organoclay loading, solvent nature and length of attached surfactant (C8 or C16) on thermal and mechanical properties were studied by thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. Alkylammonium surfactants with C8 and C16 chain lengths were evaluated as clay modifiers. All the nanocomposites prepared in acetonitrile exhibited improvement in their thermal stability, mainly due to the interaction between the clay and the polymer which is maximized by the exfoliated clay structure. In the case of PMMA and nanocomposites synthesized in ethanol, the thermal stability of polymer and nanocomposites remained practically the same once the clay structure is predominantly of the intercalated type. In comparison with pure PMMA, glass transition temperature and storage modulus of polymer are notably increased by the presence of clay. It was found that the chain length of surfactant attached to the SWy-1 clay affects the Tg values. Glass transition temperatures of nanocomposites SWy-1-C16/PMMA were significantly higher than the values obtained for nanocomposites SWy-1-C8/ PMMA. This can be attributed to the modifying agent C16, which has a greater hydrophobic chain length. The organic tail can provide a better dispersion of the MMA monomer in the organoclay, resulting in a nanocomposite with predominant exfoliated structure. Another significant factor to be considered was the effect of solvent used in the nanocomposite preparation. Considering nanocomposites with the same chain length (C8 or C16), Tg values obtained for nanocomposites prepared with ethanol is higher than those observed for those prepared in acetonitrile. This was attributed to the influence of the average molecular weight; once the nanocomposites prepared in ethanol exhibited higher polymeric chains.

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Role of water on PMMA/clay nanocomposites synthesized by in situ polymerization in ethanol and supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Synthesis and thermal behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/Maghnia bentonite nanocomposite prepared at room temperature via in situ polymerization initiated by a new Ni(II)α‐benzoinoxime complex

Synthesis and thermal behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/Maghnia bentonite nanocomposite prepared at room temperature via in situ polymerization initiated by a new Ni(II)α‐benzoinoxime complex

Surface Modification of Nanoclay for the Synthesis of Polycaprolactone (PCL) – Clay Nanocomposite

Thermal properties of poly (methyl methacrylate)/organomodified montmorillonite nanocomposites obtained by in situ photopolymerization

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