Role of Vitamins in Plant Growth and their Impact on Regeneration of Plants under Invitro Condition

Abstract

Vitamins are the essential compounds synthesized and used by plants. In tissue culture media, the addition of vitamins is not that common because the amount needed by the plant is really unknown and it also varies from plant to plant. Vitamins show a direct and indirect effect on the growth of callus, somatic cell growth, rooting, and embryo development. Studies show that thiamine is associated with cytokinin and plays role in inducing root and callus growth. Thiamine also facilitates the production of more secondary metabolites such as proteases in pineapple. Biotin and riboflavin also play role in development of callus. There are many other vitamins which are essential or semi essential for the growth of plants of various types. Vitamin D causes uptake of calcium, cell elongation and meristematic cell division. Vitamin C is known to enhance the shoot and root growth. Nicotinic acid is required by plants for synthesizing the amino acids and also helps in carbohydrate metabolism. In this review we will discuss role of these vitamins in some plants that is associated with different plant species.

Local problems need global solutions: The metabolic needs of regenerating organisms

“…107 For instance, the antioxidant vitamins E and A are believed to scavenge free radicals and thus, to protect the functional integrity of cellular membranes as well as to promote plasma membrane repair. [109][110][111][112] In plants, vitamins regulate systemic metabolism and growth 6 and interestingly, most media used in plant organ regeneration are supplemented with a range of these bioactive compounds. Although the vitamins A and E are enriched in many plant species, virtually nothing is known about their contribution in plant regeneration.…”

“…Animal and vegetal species regenerate through different mechanisms (reviewed elsewhere, [3][4][5][6][7] ) and this evolutionary diversity underlines regeneration as a basic biological property in living organisms. One common initial mechanism is re-epithelization of the wound, to seal the organisms from the external environment.…”