Role of vitamin C in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients requiring hospitalisation: a systematic review protocol

Sharma, Yogesh; Sumanadasa, Subodha; Shahi, Rashmi; Thompson, Campbell

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082257

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…The in-hospital mortality rates from CAP range from 5% to 15%, escalating to as high as 30% among those necessitating admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) [2,3]. Furthermore, up to 17% of CAP patients may experience readmission within 30 days following hospital discharge [4]. Consequently, CAP imposes a substantial economic burden on hospitals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Outcomes of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients Discharged from General Medicine and Respiratory Units in Australia: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

Sharma,

Mangoni,

Shahi

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background/Objectives: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common emergency presentation in Australia, with the choice of admitting specialty unit often influenced by pneumonia severity and comorbidities. However, it remains unclear whether there are between-specialty differences in patient characteristics and outcomes. We sought to address this issue by investigating the characteristics and outcomes of CAP patients admitted to General Medicine (GM) versus Respiratory units. Methods: This retrospective observational study utilised data from the two largest metropolitan hospitals in South Australia, encompassing all non-COVID-19-related CAP admissions throughout 2021 to 2023. The hospital length of stay (LOS), in-patient and 30-day mortality, and 30-day readmission rates were assessed by propensity score matching (PSM) using 17 variables. Results: Of the 3004 cases of non-COVID-19 CAP admitted across the two hospitals during the study period, 2673 (71.8%) were admitted under GM units and 331 (9.1%) under Respiratory units. GM patients were, on average, a decade older, presented with a significantly higher burden of comorbidities, exhibited a greater prevalence of frailty, and had higher pneumonia severity compared to those admitted under a Respiratory unit (p < 0.05). Unadjusted analysis revealed a shorter median LOS among GM-admitted patients (5.9 vs. 4.1 days, p < 0.001). After PSM adjustment, patients admitted under the Respiratory units had an 8-fold higher odds of a longer LOS compared to GM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.53, 95% CI 1.96–37.25, p = 0.004). Other clinical outcomes were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that GM units compared to Respiratory units provide efficient and safe care for patients requiring hospitalisation for CAP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Outcomes of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients Discharged from General Medicine and Respiratory Units in Australia: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

Sharma,

Mangoni,

Shahi

et al. 2024

JCM

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Vitamin C and suicidal ideation: A cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study

Wu,

Li,

Guo

et al. 2024

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Antioxidants as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

Youssef,

Elmokadem,

Samy

et al. 2024

Futur J Pharm Sci

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Background Community-acquired pneumonia remains a major health concern, characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. The underlying pathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia involves substantial oxidative stress and inflammation, which contribute to lung tissue damage and impaired immune function. Main body Variations in oxidative metabolism contribute to the inflammatory cascade which triggers pneumonia to commence and evolve, whereas oxidative stress as well as inflammatory processes is strongly related. Understanding the underlying immunological dysregulation and unbalanced redox that heighten vulnerability to a variety of illnesses has improved over the past several decades attributable to research. One of the key strategies for addressing oxidative stress is to lower the reactive oxygen species creation in the mitochondrion which is one of the main sites of their generation by using antioxidants, where they prevent oxidants from transferring electrons to other molecules. Consequently, antioxidants either directly or indirectly reduce the risk of damage and preserve the redox equilibrium. Therefore, antioxidants, due to their ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species and modulate inflammatory processes, have been explored as potential adjuvant therapies to enhance the treatment outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia. Where recent research has explored the potential of antioxidants as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, aiming to mitigate these detrimental effects. Antioxidants such as N-acetylcystein, vitamin C, vitamin E, astaxanthin, and zinc have shown promising results in both preclinical and clinical studies. Conclusion Outcomes of several in vitro as well as in vivo antioxidant studies have demonstrated the antioxidants' promising potential as an adjunct pneumonia therapy. For an assessment of its effectiveness in this therapeutic context, more research involving humans will be required.

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Role of vitamin C in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients requiring hospitalisation: a systematic review protocol

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Comparing Outcomes of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients Discharged from General Medicine and Respiratory Units in Australia: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

Comparing Outcomes of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients Discharged from General Medicine and Respiratory Units in Australia: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

Vitamin C and suicidal ideation: A cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study

Antioxidants as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

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