Role of Toll‐Like Receptors on Human Adipose‐Derived Stromal Cells

Abstract

STEM CELLS 2006;24: 2744 -2752

Lipopolysaccharides Shapes the Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cellsin Vitro

“…The pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IL-1α, and IL-6) and chemokine (IL-8) related to the TLR4-LPS signalling pathway was also up-regulated at the mRNA and/or protein levels in hWJ-MSCs treated with LPS. The pro-inflammatory state shift provoked by LPS in hWJ-MSCs in our study showed a “dull” response compared to the responses observed in hBM-MSCs and hAT-MSCs [23,24,25,27] but showed similar characteristics to hCB-MSCs [26]. These findings suggested that the hMSCs derived from foetal tissue are not sensitive as the MSCs derived from adult tissues to the LPS engagement [2,4,7,25,26].…”

“…In contrast, no effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of hWJ-MSCs was found. The results illustrated that LPS engagement modulate the biological function and immune immunosuppressive properties of hWJ-MSCs, similar to hBW-MSCs, hAT-MSCs, and hCB-MSCs [23,25,26]. …”

“…MSCs express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that activate the TLR signalling pathway ex vivo , impacting the proliferation, immunomodulation, and migration of these cells [23,24,25,26,27]. The functions of adult MSCs, such as hBW-MSCs and hAT-MSCs, were modulated by the TLR4-LPS signalling pathway ex vivo , and LPS stimulation resulted in the increased production of such inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 [17,23,24,25,28]. However, for the role of TLR4 in hWJ-MSCs, two early reports came to the opposite conclusion [27,29].…”

“…To date, 10 TLRs have been identified in humans, and all TLRs (except TLR3) induce the production of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and other cytokines [21,22]. Recently, the TLR profiles in hMSCs derived from various tissues (including hWJ-MSCs) have been explored, and their regulatory effects on MSC differentiation, proliferation, and immunomodulation have been described [23,24,25,26,27]. However, MSCs derived from various sources display different TLRs profiles, functional properties, and responses to stimulation by TLRs' agonists [23,24,25,26,27,28,29].…”

“…It has been used to investigate the response of human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hAD-MSCs), hBW-MSCs, and human cord blood-derived MSCs (hCB-MSCs) to TLR4 triggering ex vivo , and it was found that TLR4 expressed at a high level and is a functional receptor in these cells [23,25,26]. In contrast, the presence and functional properties of TLR4 in hWJ-MSCs remains controversial [27,29].…”