Role of TNF-α in ileum tight junction alteration in mouse model of restraint stress

Mazzon, Emanuela; Cuzzocrea, Salvatore

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00014.2008

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The disruption of ruminal epithelial TJs may cause an increase in ruminal epithelial permeability and result in a "leaky" epithelial barrier, leading to LPS and bacteria translocation, triggering the inflammatory responses in RE. In turn, the cytokines (TNF-␣ and IFN-␥), as types of endogenous factors, have been found to play an important role in the regulation of the epithelial barrier function by changing the expression and distribution of TJ proteins (16,21,22,41,42). It is possible that the up-regulated TNF-␣ and IFN-␥ could alter the ruminal epithelial TJ protein expression and distribution in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

A high-grain diet causes massive disruption of ruminal epithelial tight junctions in goats

Liu

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

161

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alterations in rumen epithelial tight junctions (TJs) at the tissue and molecular levels during high-grain (HG) diet feeding are unknown. Here, 10 male goats were randomly assigned to either a hay diet (0% grain; n ϭ 5) or HG diet group (65% grain; n ϭ 5) to characterize the changes in ruminal epithelial structure and TJ protein expression and localization using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. After 7 wk of feeding, ruminal free LPS in HG group increased significantly (P Ͻ 0.001) compared with the hay group, and free LPS in the peripheral blood was detectable with concentrations of 0.8 Ϯ 0.20 EU/ml, while not detectable in the control, suggesting a leakage of LPS into the blood in the HG group. Correspondingly, the HG-fed goats showed profound alterations in ruminal epithelial structure and TJ proteins, depicted by marked epithelial cellular damage and intercellular junction erosion, down-regulation of TJ proteins claudin-4, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 mRNA and protein expression, as well as redistribution of claudin-1, claudin-4, and occludin. Furthermore, these changes in TJ proteins in the HG group were coupled with the upregulation of mRNA levels for the cytokines TNF-␣ and IFN-␥ in the ruminal epithelia. These results demonstrated for the first time that the HG diet feeding caused disruption of ruminal epithelial TJs that was associated with a local inflammatory response in the rumen epithelium. These findings may provide new insights into understanding the role of TJ proteins in the ruminal epithelial immune homeostasis of ruminants. rumen epithelium; high-grain diet; tight junction protein; lipopolysaccharide; inflammation IN CURRENT INTENSIVE RUMINANT production system, it has become common to use high-concentrate diets (high-grain, HG) to maximize energy intake and to improve milk production or daily weight gain, but highly fermentable diets can put the animal at risk. Rapidly fermentable nonstructural carbohydrates increase the rate of fermentation acid production in the rumen, and the accumulation of the acids leads to a decrease in ruminal pH, hyperosmolarity, and an increase in ruminal toxin concentration (2, 29). Previous studies have investigated the specific effect of low pH (9, 26), hyperosmolarity (20, 34), or an exposure to toxins (7) on ruminal epithelial barrier function in vitro. It should be acknowledged that any one or the combination of these factors may affect epithelial barrier function. In addition, the prominent histological alterations during HG feeding strongly suggest an impaired barrier function (35-37) that may provide the opportunity for the translocation of toxins and bacteria from the rumen into the blood, ultimately affecting animal health and productivity (28). Although there is fundamental knowledge about the consequences of HG feeding on ruminal epithelial barrier function, remarkably little information is currently available about the underlying molecular changes in ruminal epi...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

A high-grain diet causes massive disruption of ruminal epithelial tight junctions in goats

Liu

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

161

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, SDPP did not affect mast cell numbers; however, it is possible that SDPP may influence mast cell activation. Various proinflammatory cytokines, including TNFa (22,23) and IFNg (24,25), have been shown to exert direct negative effects on intestinal epithelial TJ permeability. In the present study, SDPP reduced TNFa in the colon and IFNg in the ileum and colon at d 7; jn.nutrition.org however, the reduction in these cytokines by SDPP were not in line with the time-course of barrier function improvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma Influences Intestinal Barrier Function, Inflammation,and Diarrhea in Weaned Pigs

Peace

Campbell²,

Polo³

et al. 2011

The Journal of Nutrition

123

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion levels of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) on postweaning (PW) intestinal barrier function, mucosal inflammation, and clinical indices of gut health in pigs. Ex vivo Ussing chamber studies were conducted to measure Ileal and colonic barrier function in terms of transepithelial electrical resistance and paracellular flux of (3)H-mannitol and (14)C-inulin. Intestinal inflammation was assessed by histological analysis and mucosal levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Dietary inclusion of 2.5 and 5% SDPP reduced colonic paracellular permeability of (14)C-inulin compared with controls (0% SDPP) on d 7 PW. Both 2.5 and 5% dietary SDPP reduced ileal (3)H-mannitol and (14)C-inulin permeability on d 14 PW. The 5% SDPP diet reduced colonic short-circuit current, an index of net electrogenic ion transport, and fecal scores when measured on d 7 and 14 PW compared with the control and 2.5% SDPP groups (P < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed fewer lamina propria cells in ileum and colon from pigs fed diets containing 2.5 and 5% SDPP on d 7 and 14 PW. Levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα were reduced in the colon but not ileum from pigs fed the 5% SDPP on d 7 and 14 PW compared with controls (P < 0.05). IFNγ levels were lower than in controls in both of the SDPP-fed groups in the ileum and colon on d 7 but not on d 14 PW. Overall, this study demonstrated that dietary inclusion of SDPP had beneficial effects on intestinal barrier function, inflammation, and diarrhea in weaned pigs.

show abstract

“…Conversely, in mice, alteration in ileal ZO-1, occludin and -catenin localization was associated with increased apoptotic rate as a result of upregulation and downregulation of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic pathways, respectively. Acute stress also enhanced systemic and tissular TNF-production that contributed to epithelial barrier dysfunction [136]. In a mouse model of acute mixed restraint and acoustic stress, impairment of the epithelial barrier was mediated by massive cholinergic-dependent release of trypsin activity within the colonic lumen and activation of the epithelial PAR-2 [137].…”

Section: Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Disease and Possible Therapeutical Interventions

Catalioto

Maggi²,

Giuliani³

2011

CMC

137

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The intestinal epithelial monolayer constitutes a physical and functional barrier between the organism and the external environment. It regulates nutrients absorption, water and ion fluxes, and represents the first defensive barrier against toxins and enteric pathogens. Epithelial cells are linked together at the apical junctional complex by tight junctions that reduce the extracellular space and the passage of charge entities while forming a physical barrier to lipophilic molecules. Cultured intestinal epithelial cells have been extensively used to study intestinal absorption of newly synthesized drugs and the regulation of tight junctions structure and function. In vitro mild irritants, proinflammatory cytokines, toxins and pathogens, and adverse environmental conditions open tight junctions and increase paracellular permeability, an effect often accompanied by immune activation of the enterocytes. Conversely, inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, exposure to growth factors and probiotics, among others, exert a protective effect. Impaired barrier function results from activation of signalling pathways that lead to alteration of junctional proteins expression and/or distribution. In vivo, intestinal barrier dysfunction is associated with various intestinal and non-intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and diarrhoeal infection. This review will describe the current knowledge of the mechanisms regulating tight junctions and intestinal permeability, how these findings have lead to a better understanding of barrier alteration in human intestinal disorders, and what the emerging therapies to treat these pathologies are.

show abstract

Role of TNF-α in ileum tight junction alteration in mouse model of restraint stress

Abstract: Mazzon E, Cuzzocrea S. Role of TNF-␣ in ileum tight junction alteration in mouse model of restraint stress.

Cited by 61 publications

References 65 publications

A high-grain diet causes massive disruption of ruminal epithelial tight junctions in goats

A high-grain diet causes massive disruption of ruminal epithelial tight junctions in goats

Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma Influences Intestinal Barrier Function, Inflammation,and Diarrhea in Weaned Pigs

Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Disease and Possible Therapeutical Interventions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About