Role Of The Vestibular System In Regulating Respiratory Muscle Activity During Movement

Yates, Bill J.; Billig, I.; Cotter, Lucy A; Mori, R. L.; Card, J. Patrick

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03612.x

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(123 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…SPV relates mainly to somatic sensations of the head and face, and it could be involved in some defensive reflexes, such as sneezing (28). MVe is concerned primarily with the function of balance and equilibrium, but it may play a role in regulating respiratory activity during movement (50). In short, most, if not all, of the brain stem nuclei examined may play some roles in influencing respiration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal changes in cytochrome oxidase expressions in brain stem nuclei of rats: implications for sensitive periods

Liu

Wong‐Riley

2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Liu, Qiuli, and Margaret T. T. Wong-Riley. Postnatal changes in cytochrome oxidase expressions in brain stem nuclei of rats: implications for sensitive periods. J Appl Physiol 95: 2285-2291. First published August 8, 2003 10.1152/japplphysiol.00638.2003.-Previously, we reported that cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity in the rat pre-Bötz-inger complex (PBC) exhibited a plateau on postnatal days (P) 3-4 and a prominent decrease on P12 (Liu and WongRiley, J Appl Physiol 92: [923][924][925][926][927][928][929][930][931][932][933][934] 2002). These changes were correlated with a concomitant reduction in the expression of glutamate and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1 and an increase in GABA, GABA B, glycine receptor, and glutamate receptor 2. To determine whether changes were limited to the PBC, the present study aimed at examining the expression of CO in a number of brain stem nuclei, with or without known respiratory functions from P0 to P21 in rats: the ventrolateral subnucleus of the solitary tract nucleus, nucleus ambiguus, hypoglossal nucleus, nucleus raphe obscurus, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, medial accessory olivary nucleus, spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve, and medial vestibular nucleus (MVe). Results indicated that, in all of the brain stem nuclei examined,

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal changes in cytochrome oxidase expressions in brain stem nuclei of rats: implications for sensitive periods

Liu

Wong‐Riley

2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4). The VN complex serves as an integration center of sensory and motor information that regulates posture (50) and respiratory and cardiovascular responses to postural changes (51). Interestingly, both posture and respiration patterns are altered in the Ndufs4 KO mouse (47).…”

Section: Protein Succination In Leigh Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Succination is Increased on Select Proteins in the Brainstem of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4 (Ndufs4) Knockout Mouse, a Model of Leigh Syndrome

Piroli

Manuel

Clapper

et al. 2016

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Elevated fumarate concentrations as a result of Krebs cycle inhibition lead to increases in protein succination, an irreversible post-translational modification that occurs when fumarate reacts with cysteine residues to generate S-(2-succino)cysteine (2SC). Metabolic events that reduce NADH re-oxidation can block Krebs cycle activity; therefore we hypothesized that oxidative phosphorylation deficiencies, such as those observed in some mitochondrial diseases, would also lead to increased protein succination. Using the Ndufs4 knockout (Ndufs4 KO) mouse, a model of Leigh syndrome, we demonstrate for the first time that protein succination is increased in the brainstem (BS), particularly in the vestibular nucleus. Importantly, the brainstem is the most affected region exhibiting neurodegeneration and astrocyte and microglial proliferation, and these mice typically die of respiratory failure attributed to vestibular nucleus pathology. In contrast, no increases in protein succination were observed in the skeletal muscle, corresponding with the lack of muscle pathology observed in this model. 2D SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting for succinated proteins and MS/MS analysis of BS proteins allowed us to identify the voltagedependent anion channels 1 and 2 as specific targets of succination in the Ndufs4 knockout. Using targeted mass spectrometry, Cys 77 and Cys 48 were identified as endogenous sites of succination in voltage-dependent anion channels 2. Given the important role of voltage-dependent anion channels isoforms in the exchange of ADP/ATP between the cytosol and the mitochondria, and the already decreased capacity for ATP synthesis in the Ndufs4 KO mice, we propose that the increased protein succination observed in the BS of these animals would further decrease the already compromised mitochondrial function. These data suggest that fumarate is a novel bio- We previously identified the formation of S-(2-succino)cysteine (2SC) 1 (protein succination) as a result of the irreversible reaction of fumarate with reactive cysteine thiols (1, 2). Fumarate concentrations are increased during adipogenesis and adipocyte maturation (2,3), and the excess of glucose and insulin leads to augmented protein succination in the adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic mice (4, 5). Protein succination is also specifically increased in fumarate hydratase deficient hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC), because of the decreased conversion of fumarate to malate (6, 7). In both cases, intracellular fumarate concentrations are elevated; in fumarate hydratase deficient cells, the fumarate concentration is about 5 mM (8) Author contributions: G.G.P. and N.F. designed research; G.G.P., A.M.M., A.C.C., M.D.W., J.E.B., A.Q., and N.F. performed research; J.E.B., R.D.P., and A.Q. contributed new reagents or analytic tools; G.G.P., A.M.M., M.D.W., J.E.B., and N.F. analyzed data; G.G.P. and N.F. wrote the paper. 1 The abbreviations used are: 2SC, S-(2-succino)cysteine; 2D, twodimensional; BS, brainstem; CB, cerebellum; C PE , cystei...

show abstract

“…Several studies have demonstrated that, among the cerebellar deep nuclei, the FNr may play the most important role in respiratory modulation because it contains respiratory-modulated and chemosensitive neurons (9,42,47) and is the most involved in respiratory and cardiovascular modulation (9,22,23). Stimulation of FNr neurons modulates neuronal activity of the medullary respiratory group (42), medial vestibular nucleus (12,49), and the medullary gigantocellular nucleus (48). These results combined with our data suggest that the vIOc-mediated respiratory responses greatly relay through the FNr and its direct or indirect connections to the respiratory central network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperventilation evoked by activation of the vicinity of the caudal inferior olivary nucleus depends on the fastigial nucleus in anesthetized rats

Zhuang¹,

Xu²,

Frazier³

2008

Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zhuang J, Xu F, Frazier DT. Hyperventilation evoked by activation of the vicinity of the caudal inferior olivary nucleus depends on the fastigial nucleus in anesthetized rats. J Appl Physiol 104: 1351-1358, 2008. First published March 20, 2008 doi:10.1152 doi:10. /japplphysiol.00824.2007eral studies have demonstrated that cerebellar deep nuclei, particularly the rostral fastigial nucleus (FNr), are involved in respiratory modulation. These nuclei receive inputs from the contralateral caudal inferior olivary nuclei of the medulla. The objectives of this study were to determine whether electrical and chemical activation of the vicinity of the caudal inferior olivary nuclei (vIOc) affected respiration and, if true, whether the FNr was involved in the vIOc stimulation-evoked ventilatory responses. Experiments were conducted in 30 anesthetized and spontaneously breathing rats. Our results showed that 1) electrical (25 or 100 A at 10 or 20 Hz for 10 s) and chemical (1 or 100 mM, 25-50 nl N-methyl-D-aspartate) stimulation of the vIOc augmented ventilation predominantly via increasing tidal volume; 2) the responses to the electrical stimulation were almost eliminated by lesion of the contralateral FNr via microinjection of ibotenic acid; and 3) the respiratory responses to electrical stimulation in the vicinity of the rostral IO were 65-70% smaller compared with that evoked by vIOc stimulation. These findings strongly suggest that vIOc neurons play a significant role in modulation of respiratory activity, largely depending on their projections to the FNr. cerebellum; sudden infant death syndrome; inferior olive projections; hypertension THE INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS (IO), a nucleic complex located ventromedially in the medulla oblongata, has been amply documented to play important roles in motor functions, e.g., motor coordination and motor learning (2, 14) and visceral renal functions (28,40). Recent evidence from clinical observations has implied a possible IO involvement in cardiorespiratory dysfunction. First, victims of sudden infant death syndrome, a sleep apnea syndrome precipitated by defective control of involuntary respiration, often show neurotransmitter receptor deficiencies (10), developmental abnormalities (16), and prominent neuropathological changes in the IO (15). Second, a specific neuronal loss in the IO was found in infants with severe perinatal asphyxia (36). Third, a tremendous alteration of c-Fos immunoreactivity was found in the IO of asphyxia rather than nonasphyxia cases, with the effects more specific than in any other region related to respiration (29). Expression of the fos gene in neuronal nuclei has been proposed to reflect second-messenger activation and, hence, serves as a sensitive indicator of cellular responses induced by various stimuli. In concert with the clinical observations, the possible role of the caudal IO (IOc) in cardiorespiratory modulation has also been reported in animals. For example, electrical stimulation to the IOc was reported to cause an apnea in anesthetized cats ...

show abstract

Role Of The Vestibular System In Regulating Respiratory Muscle Activity During Movement

Cited by 47 publications

References 52 publications

Postnatal changes in cytochrome oxidase expressions in brain stem nuclei of rats: implications for sensitive periods

Postnatal changes in cytochrome oxidase expressions in brain stem nuclei of rats: implications for sensitive periods

Succination is Increased on Select Proteins in the Brainstem of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4 (Ndufs4) Knockout Mouse, a Model of Leigh Syndrome

Hyperventilation evoked by activation of the vicinity of the caudal inferior olivary nucleus depends on the fastigial nucleus in anesthetized rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About