Role of the Thalamus in Language: Is It Related to Schizophrenic Thought Disorder?

Crosson, Bruce; Hughes, Carroll W.

doi:10.1093/schbul/13.4.605

Cited by 108 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…It also supports the description of thalamic enlargement in association with symptoms improvement following treatment with atypical antipsychotics (Strungas et al, 2003). The thalamus is part of brain circuits that modulate perception, emotion, and thinking (Crosson and Hughes, 1987), and its volume seems to be reduced in patients with schizophrenia (Andreasen et al, 1994). Owing to its role in integrating brain functions, the thalamus could be involved in mediating the clinical effects of antipsychotic drugs, and it has been indicated as one of the sites of action of both typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs (Cohen et al, 1998(Cohen et al, , 2003.…”

Section: Proposed Effects Of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics On Bsupporting

confidence: 81%

Different Effects of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics on Grey Matter in First Episode Psychosis: the ÆSOP Study

Dazzan

Morgan

Orr

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

248

160

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Typical antipsychotic drugs act on the dopaminergic system, blocking the dopamine type 2 (D2) receptors. Atypical antipsychotics have lower affinity and occupancy for the dopaminergic receptors, and a high degree of occupancy of the serotoninergic receptors 5-HT2A. Whether these different pharmacological actions produce different effects on brain structure remains unclear. We explored the effects of different types of antipsychotic treatment on brain structure in an epidemiologically based, nonrandomized sample of patients at the first psychotic episode. Subjects were recruited as part of a large epidemiological study (AESOP: aetiology and ethnicity in schizophrenia and other psychoses). We evaluated 22 drug-free patients, 32 on treatment with typical antipsychotics and 30 with atypical antipsychotics. We used high-resolution MRI and voxel-based methods of image analysis. The MRI analysis suggested that both typical and atypical antipsychotics are associated with brain changes. However, typicals seem to affect more extensively the basal ganglia (enlargement of the putamen) and cortical areas (reductions of lobulus paracentralis, anterior cingulate gyrus, superior and medial frontal gyri, superior and middle temporal gyri, insula, and precuneus), while atypical antipsychotics seem particularly associated with enlargement of the thalami. These changes are likely to reflect the effect of antipsychotics on the brain, as there were no differences in duration of illness, total symptoms scores, and length of treatment among the groups. In conclusion, we would like to suggest that even after short-term treatment, typical and atypical antipsychotics may affect brain structure differently.

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Section: Proposed Effects Of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics On Bsupporting

confidence: 81%

Different Effects of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics on Grey Matter in First Episode Psychosis: the ÆSOP Study

Dazzan

Morgan

Orr

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

248

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The thalamus participates in most or all interactions between higher and lower brain centers (Su and Bentivoglio 1990) and in brain circuits modulating perception, emotion, and thinking and their integration in conscious experience (Crosson and Hughes 1987;Swerdlow and Koob 1987). For this reason, the thalamus has been proposed as a site which should be tested for involvement in the production of the syndrome of schizophrenia (Stevens 1973;Carlson and Carlson 1990;Andreasen et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of midline thalamic nuclei by antipsychotic drugs

et al. 1998

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The thalamus has been proposed as a site which may be involved in the production of the syndrome of schizophrenia and the response of schizophrenic symptoms to treatment. These studies test whether, consistent with this hypothesis, the activation of thalamic nuclei is a shared property of neuroleptic antipsychotic drugs. Rats were given single doses of the typical high and low potency neuroleptics haloperidol (1 mg/kg) and chlorpromazine (20 mg/kg), the atypical neuroleptics thiroridazine (20 mg/kg) and clozapine (20 mg/kg), the specific dopamine antagonist raclopride (3 mg/kg), the mixed dopamine/serotonin antagonist risperidone (3 mg/kg) or drug-free vehicle. Increased expression of Fos-like protein was utilized as a marker of cellular activation. All drugs tested, including typical and atypical antipsychotic agents, led to similar effects on the midline thalamic paraventricular, centromedian and rhomboid nuclei and the nucleus reuniens. These results suggest that midline thalamic nuclei may participate in neural circuits mediating some of the shared effects of antipsychotic drugs.

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“…The promi nent attentional dysfunction found in schizophrenics, as well as the disorganized impairment of executive func tion, suggests disturbances in frontal lobe linkages with other areas. The extensive connections of the prefrontal cortex with the ventral anterior and dorsomedial nuclei of the thalamus and the role of the thalamus in the regula-tion of sensory input suggest that abnormal frontothalamic connections may account for schizophrenic phe nomenology [4]. The finding of greater anterior than pos terior dopamine content in the thalamus [5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlational Patterns of Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Never-Medicated Schizophrenics

et al. 1996

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We studied 18 never-medicated schizophrenic patients and 22 normal control subjects with ¹⁸F-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography. Patients and controls performed the continuous performance test during FDG uptake. Cortical and subcortical structures comprising two circuits selected on the basis of several theoretical models of schizophrenia were examined. The correlation of glucose metabolic rate (GMR) for each structure in each circuit with connected structures was calculated and tested for two-tailed significance. Schizophrenics showed significantly different patterns of intercorrela-tions for both circuits. The largest difference was in the correlation of GMR in the anterior thalamus with the frontal cortex, a key element in the thalamo-cortical-striatal circuit suggested to be abnormal in some models of schizophrenia. Correlations of the frontal lobe with other regions were also more positive in normal controls than schizophrenics; controls had three correlational paths from the frontal cortex (to temporal cortex, ventral anterior thalamus, and dorsal medial thalamus) with significantly more positive correlations than schizophrenics, perhaps consistent with other findings of frontal cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia. Normal controls also had both more significant positive and more significant negative correlations between the occipital cortex and other brain areas than schizophrenics. Correlations between homologous areas in the right and left hemispheres were prominent in both groups.

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Role of the Thalamus in Language: Is It Related to Schizophrenic Thought Disorder?

Cited by 108 publications

References 81 publications

Different Effects of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics on Grey Matter in First Episode Psychosis: the ÆSOP Study

Different Effects of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics on Grey Matter in First Episode Psychosis: the ÆSOP Study

Activation of midline thalamic nuclei by antipsychotic drugs

Correlational Patterns of Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Never-Medicated Schizophrenics

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