Role of the pinch effect in a high-velocity metallic contact with a high current

Дробышевский, Э. М.; Zhukov, B. G.; Kurakin, R. O.; Rozov, S. I.; Beloborodyi, M. V.; Latypov, V G

doi:10.1134/1.1262439

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It is also explained by comparing the depth of the rail surface depression under static pressing of the cube with the observed values of . The force required to press the cube into a rail to a depth ≈ 0.3 mm corresponds to a pressure of ≈200 MPa [10].…”

Section: The Third Dimension Role and Pinch-effect In Ssc With High C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thin (and heated) layer of the armature undergoes progressively increasing compression in sliding over the rail surface, so that eventually the armature contacts the rail only through a thin metal waist. It is the displacement of the waist along the rail under the action of the I × B force, combined with its thinning, that produces the converging traces observed on the rails [10].…”

Section: The Third Dimension Role and Pinch-effect In Ssc With High C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The importance of three dimensions in the study of solid armature transition in railguns

Drobyshevski

Kurakin

Rozov³

et al. 1999

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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It is shown experimentally that the main processes first causing breakdown of the sliding solid contact (SSC) carrying large currents are not two-dimensional processes of the velocity skin-effect type, but pinch instabilities developing in the contact interface. Electromagnetic and electrothermal explosive ejection of ionized material of low-mass pinch waists ignite parasite-shunting arcs behind and ahead of the armature under acceleration. Thus one has to speak of transition into arcing mode not of the SSC alone, but of the launch process as a whole.It has been noted that during the transition into the arcing mode the solid armature begins to behave as a hybrid armature of pulling type. At this operation mode, two stable arcs appear, due to pinch cords moving forward along the contact surfaces, which are fixed to both contact surfaces of the armature near their leading edges. Consequently, the armature main body is accelerated under the action of internal tensile forces originating in its leading part where the I × B forces are applied.

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Section: The Third Dimension Role and Pinch-effect In Ssc With High C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Third Dimension Role and Pinch-effect In Ssc With High C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of three dimensions in the study of solid armature transition in railguns

Drobyshevski

Kurakin

Rozov³

et al. 1999

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…The emission of light from metal electrodes in aqueous solutions has been observed in electropolishing and electrodischarge of metal electrodes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This type of light emission is thought to be associated with the electrodischarge process that occurs between a working electrode and an electrolyte solution. Hickling and Ingram 1,2 reviewed this phenomenon of light emission from a glow discharge electrode (GDE) or a contact glow discharge electrode (CGDE) in which a high-temperature plasma sheath was formed around the electrode surface in contact with an electrolyte solution, due to a high electric field, accompanied by a glow discharge photoemission.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Emission from Pt during High‐Voltage Cathodic Polarization

Azumi

Mizuno

Akimoto

et al. 1999

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…12,13) It has been reported that the temperature reaches 9000 K, and the pressure reaches 4000 atm when plasma forms at several hundred volts. 14) It is necessary to estimate heat balance to determine the current efficiency of hydrogen generation. However, input voltage and current fluctuate considerably, and it is difficult to measure the output heat balance during plasma electrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Evolution by Plasma Electrolysis in Aqueous Solution

Mizuno

Akimoto

Azumi

et al. 2005

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Hydrogen has recently attracted attention as a possible solution to environmental and energy problems. If hydrogen should be considered an energy storage medium rather than a natural resource. However, free hydrogen does not exist on earth. Many techniques for obtaining hydrogen have been proposed. It can be reformulated from conventional hydrocarbon fuels, or obtained directly from water by electrolysis or high-temperature pyrolysis with a heat source such as a nuclear reactor. However, the efficiencies of these methods are low. The direct heating of water to sufficiently high temperatures for sustaining pyrolysis is very difficult. Pyrolysis occurs when the temperature exceeds 4000 C. Thus plasma electrolysis may be a better alternative, it is not only easier to achieve than direct heating, but also appears to produce more hydrogen than ordinary electrolysis, as predicted by Faraday's laws, which is indirect evidence that it produces very high temperatures. We also observed large amounts of free oxygen generated at the cathode, which is further evidence of direct decomposition, rather than electrolytic decomposition. To achieve the continuous generation of hydrogen with efficiencies exceeding Faraday efficiency, it is necessary to control the surface conditions of the electrode, plasma electrolysis temperature, current density and input voltage. The minimum input voltage required induce the plasma state depends on the density and temperature of the solution, it was estimated as 120 V in this study. The lowest electrolyte temperature at which plasma forms is $75 C. We have observed as much as 80 times more hydrogen generated by plasma electrolysis than by conventional electrolysis at 300 V.

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Role of the pinch effect in a high-velocity metallic contact with a high current

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

The importance of three dimensions in the study of solid armature transition in railguns

The importance of three dimensions in the study of solid armature transition in railguns

Light Emission from Pt during High‐Voltage Cathodic Polarization

Hydrogen Evolution by Plasma Electrolysis in Aqueous Solution

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