Role of the orexin receptors within the nucleus accumbens in the drug priming-induced reinstatement of morphine seeking in the food deprived rats

Sahafzadeh, Marjan; Karimi‐Haghighi, Saeideh; Mousavi, Zahra; Haghparast, Abbas

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.12.008

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It is well known that different types of stress including RSD could facilitate reinstatement of drugs . On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that RSD increases transforming growth factor β1, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α gene expression in different areas of mice brain including the hypothalamus, PFC, and hippocampus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabidiol modulates the expression of neuroinflammatory factors in stress‐ and drug‐induced reinstatement of methamphetamine in extinguished rats

2019

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Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly potent and addictive psychostimulant that is frequently abused worldwide. Although the biggest challenge to the efficient treatment of drug dependence is relapse, its mechanism is completely unclear. Plenty of evidence suggests that inflammation contributes to drug-induced reward especially in brain regions that are involved in the reward system, but there is no document about relapse. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid that has powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. A previous research in our laboratory has demonstrated that CBD prevents reinstatement of METH even in 24-hour rapid eye movement (REM) sleep-deprived (RSD) rats. The aim of this study was to assess whether CBD prevents reinstatement of METH through change of gene expression of cytokines such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in extinguished rats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used in this research to assay gene expression of cytokines. We found that stress-and drug-induced reinstatement of METH enhanced mRNA expression of cytokines in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Furthermore, CBD treatment significantly reduced the mRNA expression of cytokines in the PFC and hippocampus, but CBD treatment in RSD rats increased expression of cytokines in the hippocampus. It seems that enhancement of cytokines leads to change in neurotransmission and so triggers reinstatement of METH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CPP is a common method to explore the motivational properties such as rewarding or aversive effects of drugs in animals …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol modulates the expression of neuroinflammatory factors in stress‐ and drug‐induced reinstatement of methamphetamine in extinguished rats

2019

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“…In this animal study, 24 male Wistar rats (weighing 200 -250 g) that were divided into three groups are studied. The sample size was calculated according to previous similar studies (26). All rats were purchased from the Pasteur Institute.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Effect of Diazepam on Methamphetamine-Induced Seeking Behavior in Rats

Alaedini

Riahi

Karimi

et al. 2021

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Background: Relapse is a common problem in substance-use disorders. Accumulating evidence has shown that diazepam can reduce the abuse potential of some drugs. Objectives: We investigated the effects of diazepam during and after the withdrawal period on the reinstatement of conditioned place preference (CPP) induced by a single dose of methamphetamine in male Wistar rats. Methods: Three groups of rats were trained to acquire methamphetamine CPP. The rats in the control group received, respectively, saline and methamphetamine (1 mg/kg, daily, ip) in the extinction and priming phases. Two other groups (one and two) had a similar process, but the rats in group one received diazepam (3 mg/kg, daily, ip) in the extinction phase and those in group 2 received a single dose of diazepam just before the priming phase. The CPP was checked daily during all processes. Results: We showed that a 3-day period injection of methamphetamine (1 mg/kg) resulted in a positive conditioning score on the first day after conditioning. Also, 3 mg/kg of diazepam daily in the extinction period shortened the withdrawal period for one day and extinction happened on the 9th and 10th days. Diazepam also reduced the conditioning score at the reinstatement phase (P < 0.01). Furthermore, diazepam injection (3 mg/kg) before the methamphetamine priming dose did not have any significant effect on the reinstatement of drug-seeking. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that administration of diazepam during the extinction period was associated with reduced maintenance and reinstatement of methamphetamine-induced CPP, while the single dose of diazepam could not prevent the reinstatement of methamphetamine.

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“…Both receptor mRNAs can be found in the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, paraventricular thalamus, dorsal raphe, ventral tegmental area and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT)/pedunculopontine nucleus (PPT) [147,148]. The orx/hcrt system serves as a central mediator of reward/aversion [149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160], sleep/arousal [27,[161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179], thermoregulation [180][181][182][183][184], energy homeostasis [185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192]…”

Section: Bdnf Orexin/hypocretin and Fohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory Fear of Harm Mood Disorder: In Depth Exploration of a Unique Juvenile-Onset Phenotype That Provides a Parsimonious Clinical Description of Certain Youths with Highly Comorbid Treatment Refractory Psychiatric Disorders

Papolos¹,

Mattis²,

Lachman³

et al. 2019

J Psychiatry Brain Sci

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Among aggressive youths with severe mood lability who frequently fail to benefit from mood stabilizers and antipsychotics there is a discrete subtype called 'Thermoregulatory Fear of Harm Mood Disorder' (FOH). This disorder is characterized by an underlying thermoregulatory deficit, a specific prodromal sequence and a unique constellation of symptoms.The underlying problem appears to be a deficit in thermoregulation resulting in excessive heat that manifests as thermal discomfort in neutral ambient temperatures and moderate to extreme cold tolerance, and produces REM sleep-related problems and parasomnias, such as night-terrors and hypnogogic hallucinations. Clinically, FOH is associated with the advent in childhood of frequent, recurrent, vivid nightmares with themes of pursuit and abandonment. The apparent psychological sequelae of exposure to this frightening imagery is fear sensitization and auto-traumatization. A developmental sequence of fear based defensive behaviors arises and includes obsessive bedtime rituals, fear of the dark, separation anxiety, contamination fears, hypervigilance, perfectionism, misperception of neutral stimuli as threatening, as well as reactive aggression in response to limit setting and perceived threat or loss. Ketamine, chosen as a potential treatment because of its effectiveness in reducing fear sensitization and dose-dependent lowering of body temperature in preclinical studies, has been associated with sustained Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science 2 of 43 J Psychiatry Brain Sci. 2019;4:e190004. https://doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20190004 improvement in otherwise refractory youths. We present a detailed description of this heritable disorder, link its clinical features to a potential disturbance in brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and orexin, and indicate how ketamine rapidly affects BDNF through multiple mechanisms, to produce a dramatic beneficial response in youths with this disorder.

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Role of the orexin receptors within the nucleus accumbens in the drug priming-induced reinstatement of morphine seeking in the food deprived rats

Cited by 19 publications

References 66 publications

Cannabidiol modulates the expression of neuroinflammatory factors in stress‐ and drug‐induced reinstatement of methamphetamine in extinguished rats

Cannabidiol modulates the expression of neuroinflammatory factors in stress‐ and drug‐induced reinstatement of methamphetamine in extinguished rats

Assessing the Effect of Diazepam on Methamphetamine-Induced Seeking Behavior in Rats

Thermoregulatory Fear of Harm Mood Disorder: In Depth Exploration of a Unique Juvenile-Onset Phenotype That Provides a Parsimonious Clinical Description of Certain Youths with Highly Comorbid Treatment Refractory Psychiatric Disorders

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