Role of the lens and vitreous humor in the refractive properties of the eyes of three strains of goldfish

Seltner, Ruth L. Pickett; Weerheim, J.; Sivak, J. G.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90030-8

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Other studies have examined the effect of ocular hypotension in preventing myopic progression, based on the hypothesis that the increase in eye size in myopia may be due to passive stretching of the sclera. 42 However, the results of these studies are not consistent. 43,44 Our study did not find differences in IOP between the atropine-treated children and the controls at the initial examination or 1 year after.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Topical Atropine in Retarding Myopic Progression and Axial Length Growth in Children with Moderate to Severe Myopia: A Pilot Study

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Topical Atropine in Retarding Myopic Progression and Axial Length Growth in Children with Moderate to Severe Myopia: A Pilot Study

et al. 2007

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“…The lens was also photographed to allow measurement of the lens diameter (Figure d). Goldfish lenses are spherical (Axelrod, Lerner, & Sands, ; Charman & Tucker, ; Easter, Johns, & Baumann, ; Seltner, Weerheim, & Sivak, ); therefore, diameter values obtained with this method do not require taking the orientation of the lens into account.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and density of mixed‐input ON bipolar cells of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) during growth

Corredor

Silva

Baran

et al. 2018

J of Comparative Neurology

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Neurons are continuously produced at different rates and locations in the teleost retina. Goldfish rods are homogeneously distributed and maintain a stable density throughout growth, whereas little is known about their postsynaptic partners. We examined the distribution and density of mixed-input ON bipolar cells (ON mBCs) in 57 goldfish of various sizes by immunolabeling their retinas with an antibody against PKCα and counting PKCα-positive neurons in wholemounts. Cell densities were correlated with morphometric data for the same animals, and the spatial resolution of the ON mBC mosaic was calculated in each case. The distribution of ON mBCs is homogeneous throughout growth. For a 10-fold change in body size (i.e., from 20 to 200 mm), the total number of ON mBCs increases 2.8 times, while retinal area expands around 10 times. As a consequence, the density of ON mBCs in large fish falls to $1/3 of that of small animals, and intercellular spacing doubles. The eye and the lens become around three times larger from small to large fish. This causes the retinal magnification factor (and thereby the image projected onto retina) to augment by the same amount. Because the retinal magnification factor rises more than the intercellular spacing in the same animals, the spatial resolution of the ON mBC mosaic improves from 0.8 to 1.4 cycles/degree as the body size increases from 20 to 200 mm. As ON mBCs are mostly rod-driven, our results suggest that the scotopic acuity of the goldfish may improve as the animal grows.

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“…83 It has been postulated that excessive accommodation or convergence may increase intraocular pressures, producing an increased force in the sclera, causing axial elongation. However, previous studies have found that patients who accommodated at near had slightly lower or similar intraocular pressures.…”

Section: Ocular Hypotensivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myopia: attempts to arrest progression

Gazzard

Eong

et al. 2002

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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Role of the lens and vitreous humor in the refractive properties of the eyes of three strains of goldfish

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Topical Atropine in Retarding Myopic Progression and Axial Length Growth in Children with Moderate to Severe Myopia: A Pilot Study

Topical Atropine in Retarding Myopic Progression and Axial Length Growth in Children with Moderate to Severe Myopia: A Pilot Study

Distribution and density of mixed‐input ON bipolar cells of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) during growth

Myopia: attempts to arrest progression

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