Role of the Immune Response in BCG for Bladder Cancer

Tl, Ratliff

doi:10.1159/000474916

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(22 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Monocytes and lymphocytes have been identified in immune infiltrates in the bladder following BCG administration (De Boer et al, 1991a;Peuchmaur et al, 1991) and an intact thymus-dependent immune response is required for the anti-tumour activity of BCG (Ratliff et al, 1987;Ratliff, 1992). Flow cytometric analysis indicated that lymphocyte fractions used in our study contained T, B and NK cells and some polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, while the monocyte population was more homogeneous (78% CD14+).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) enhances monocyte- and lymphocyte-mediated bladder tumour cell killing

Pryor

Goddard²,

Goldstein³

et al. 1995

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) enhances monocyte- and lymphocyte-mediated bladder tumour cell killing

Pryor

Goddard²,

Goldstein³

et al. 1995

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…2 However, the mechanisms of the antitumor effects of BCG have not been completely elucidated, although immunological mechanisms have been assumed. 3 Numerous animal experiments and some clinical trials regarding the immunotherapy of various cancers with BCG have shown that the most effective route of administration of BCG is direct intratumoral injection 4 and that direct contact between BCG and the tumor cells is an essential initial step in the antitumor activities of BCG. 5 In a previous paper, we reported that BCG attached firmly to murine urinary bladder tumor cells when cocultured in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface antigen expression on bladder tumor cells induced by bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG): A role of BCG internalization into tumor cells

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The antitumor mechanisms of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) against bladder cancer is still unclear. We previously reported that BCG was internalized by and survived within murine bladder tumor cells (MBT-2) for at least 40 days. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCG on the surface antigen expression of bladder tumor cells and the characteristics of these cells as antigen-presenting cells in vitro.Methods: Surface antigen (major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class II, CD1, CD80 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)) expression on BCG-treated murine (MBT-2) and human (T-24, J82) bladder tumor cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. The production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-g (IFN-g) from murine lymphocytes sensitized with BCG or BCG-treated tumor cells were also investigated. Results:The expressions of MHC Class II, CD1, CD80 and ICAM-1 were augmented in all of the bladder tumor cell lines used; however, they were augmented to varying degrees among the cell lines that were treated with live BCG. Heat-killed BCG had little or no effect. When murine lymph node cells sensitized with BCG or BCG-treated MBT-2 cells were cocultured with BCG-treated MBT-2 cells, significant amounts of IL-2 and IFN-g were produced in the culture medium. Conclusions: BCG induced the augmented expression of surface antigens, such as MHC Class II, CD1, CD80 and ICAM-1, of bladder tumor cells. Furthermore, BCG-treated MBT-2 cells could stimulate BCG-sensitized lymphocytes to produce IL-2 and IFN-g. These results strongly suggest that bladder tumor cells gained the characteristics and functions of antigen-presenting cells (APC).

show abstract

“…Effective BCG therapy requires induction of a T-cell-mediated immune response (Ratliff et al, 1987;Ratliff, 1992) and the activation of a natural killer (NK) cell-like population with an apparent ability to distinguish between normal and cancer cells (Bohle et al, 1993;Brandau et al, 2001). Significantly, both T-celland NK-cell-deficient mice respond poorly to BCG therapy (Brandau et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarisation of a T-helper cell immune response by activation of dendritic cells with CpG-containing oligonucleotides: a potential therapeutic regime for bladder cancer immunotherapy

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intravesical bacillus Calmette -Guerin (BCG) is a treatment for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and carcinoma in situ (cis) of the urinary bladder, but some patients remain refractory. The mechanism of cancer clearance is not known, but T cells are thought to play a contributory role. Tissue dendritic cells (DCs) are known to initiate antigen-specific immune responses following activation of receptors, which recognise molecular patterns on the surface of microorganisms. A family of these receptors, the toll-like receptors (TLRs), are also crucial for activating DC to produce cytokines that polarise the T-cell response towards a T helper (Th)1 or Th2 phenotype. This study compared the potential of intact BCG to activate DC with that of the defined TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the TLR9 ligand CpG-oligonucleotide. It was found that all three stimuli efficiently activated normal DC, but cells expressing a mutant TLR4 responded poorly to stimulation with LPS. Importantly, stimulation with BCG induced both IL-12 and IL-10, suggesting subsequent development of a poorly focused T-cell immune response containing both Th1 and Th2 immune function. By contrast, LPS-and CpG-oligonucleotides induced only IL-12, indicating the potential to produce a Th1 response, which is likely to clear cancer most efficiently. Given the toxicity of LPS, our data suggest that CpG-oligonucleotides may be beneficial for intravesical therapy of bladder cancer.

show abstract

Role of the Immune Response in BCG for Bladder Cancer

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) enhances monocyte- and lymphocyte-mediated bladder tumour cell killing

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) enhances monocyte- and lymphocyte-mediated bladder tumour cell killing

Surface antigen expression on bladder tumor cells induced by bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG): A role of BCG internalization into tumor cells

Polarisation of a T-helper cell immune response by activation of dendritic cells with CpG-containing oligonucleotides: a potential therapeutic regime for bladder cancer immunotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About