Role of the endothelium in modulating neointimal formation

Kipshidze, Nicholas; Dangas, George; Tsapenko, Mykola; Moses, Jeffrey W.; Leon, Martin B.; Kutryk, Michael J.B.; Serruys, Patrick W.

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.04.048

Cited by 165 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased oxidative stress may serve as a common pathogenic mechanism of the effect of these risk factors (2). In addition to various systemic risk factors as shown in Table 1, local factors, including balloon angioplasty and hemodynamic forces such as shear stress, have been suggested as important modulators of endothelial function (4,5). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease

Matsuzawa

Lerman

2014

Coronary Artery Disease

203

134

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Progress in modification of conventional coronary risk factors and lifestyle behavior reduced atherosclerotic coronary artery disease incidence, nonetheless it continues to be the leading cause of mortality in the world. It might be attributed to the defective risk stratifying and prevention strategy for coronary artery disease. Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease risk is estimated based on identifying and quantifying only traditional risk factors in current clinical settings, it does not consider non-traditional risk factors. In addition, most of prevailing therapies for atherosclerosis are targeted for traditional risk factors rather than atherosclerosis itself. It is desirable to have a methodology which can directly assess the activity of atherogenesis at each moment. Endothelial function is an integrated index of all atherogenic and atheroprotective factors present in an individual including non-traditional and heretofore unknown factors, and is reported to have additional predictive value for future cardiovascular events to traditional risk factors. Moreover, endothelial function has a pivotal role in all phases of atherosclerosis, from initiation to atherothrombotic complication, and is reversible at every phase, indicating that endothelial function-guided therapies might be effective and feasible in cardiovascular practice. Thus, the introduction of endothelial function testing into clinical practice might enable us to innovate individualized cardiovascular medicine. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the contribution of endothelial dysfunction to atherogenesis and review methods that assess endothelial function. Finally we focus on the effects of major anti-atherosclerotic disease therapies on endothelial function, and argue the possibility of non-invasive assessment of endothelial function aiming at individualized cardiovascular medicine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease

Matsuzawa

Lerman

2014

Coronary Artery Disease

203

134

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“…4,5 However, endothelial cell damage occurs during stent implantation and it causes a whole cascade of events resulting in neointimal hyperplasia ͑NH͒. 6 NH is characterized by the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells followed by extracellular matrix synthesis and deposition. 7 NH is primarily responsible for in-stent restenosis ͑renarrowing of the arteries after stent implantation͒.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclitaxel delivery from cobalt-chromium alloy surfaces using self-assembled monolayers

Mani

Torres

2011

Biointerphases

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Polymer-based platforms in drug-eluting stents ͑DESs͒ can cause adverse reactions in patients. Hence, the development of a polymer-free drug delivery platform may reduce adverse reactions to DES. In this study, the use of a polymer-free platform, self-assembled monolayers ͑SAMs͒, is explored for delivering an antiproliferative drug ͓paclitaxel ͑PAT͔͒ from a stent material ͓cobalt-chromium ͑͑Cou Cr͒ alloy͔. Initially, carboxylic acid terminated phosphonic acid SAMs were coated on Cou Cr alloy. Two different doses ͑25 and 100 g / cm 2 ͒ of PAT were coated on SAM coated Cou Cr surfaces using a microdrop deposition method. Also, control experiments were carried out to coat PAT directly on Cou Cr surfaces with no SAM modification. The PAT coated specimens were characterized using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ͑FTIR͒, scanning electron microscopy ͑SEM͒, and atomic force microscopy ͑AFM͒. FTIR spectra showed the successful deposition of PAT on SAM coated and control-Cou Cr surfaces. SEM images showed islands of high density PAT crystals on SAM coated surfaces, while low density PAT crystals were observed on control-Cou Cr alloy. AFM images showed molecular distribution of PAT on SAM coated as well as control-Cou Cr alloy surfaces. In vitro drug release studies showed that PAT was released from SAM coated Cou Cr surfaces in a biphasic manner ͑an initial burst release in first 7 days was followed by a slow release for up to 35 days͒, while the PAT was burst released from control-Cou Cr surfaces within 1-3 days. Thus, this study demonstrated the use of SAMs for delivering PAT from Cou Cr alloy surfaces for potential use in drug-eluting stents.

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“…The restenosis rates could be reduced from 30-40 to 20-30% by using bare metal stent (BMS) [5,6]. Whereas, during the implantation of BMS, the endothelial cell of the artery might be damaged and may lead to a series of events, resulting in another issue called neointimal hyperplasia [7][8][9]. This neointimal hyperplasia is mainly characterized by the growth and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), followed by the synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix inside the lumen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%