Role of the caudal fastigial nucleus in saccade generation. II. Effects of muscimol inactivation

Robinson, Farrel R.; Straube, Andreas; Fuchs, Albert F.

doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1741

Cited by 277 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

226

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We infused 2 µl of the solution over 13.5 min. These parameters were selected to be similar to those used previously (Hikosaka and Wurtz 1985;Schiller et al 1987;Munoz and Wurtz 1993;Robinson et al 1993;Kurata and Hoffman 1994;Ohtsuka et al 1994). …”

Section: Infusion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible inactivation of macaque frontal eye field

1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The macaque frontal eye field (FEF) is involved in the generation of saccadic eye movements and fixations. To better understand the role of the FEF, we reversibly inactivated a portion of it while a monkey made saccades and fixations in response to visual stimuli. Lidocaine was infused into a FEF and neural inactivation was monitored with a nearby microelectrode. We used two saccadic tasks. In the delay task, a target was presented and then extinguished, but the monkey was not allowed to make a saccade to its location until a cue to move was given. In the step task, the monkey was allowed to look at a target as soon as it appeared. During FEF inactivation, monkeys were severely impaired at making saccades to locations of extinguished contralateral targets in the delay task. They were similarly impaired at making saccades to locations of contralateral targets in the step task if the target was flashed for ≤100 ms, such that it was gone before the saccade was initiated. Deficits included increases in saccadic latency, increases in saccadic error, and increases in the frequency of trials in which a saccade was not made. We varied the initial fixation location and found that the impairment specifically affected contraversive saccades rather than affecting all saccades made into head-centered contralateral space. Monkeys were impaired only slightly at making saccades to contralateral targets in the step task if the target duration was 1000 ms, such that the target was present during the saccade: latency increased, but increases in saccadic error were mild and increases in the frequency of trials in which a saccade was not made were insignificant. During FEF inactivation there usually was a direct correlation between the latency and the error of saccades made in response to contralateral targets. In the delay task, FEF inactivation increased the frequency of making premature saccades to ipsilateral targets. FEF inactivation had inconsistent and mild effects on saccadic peak velocity. FEF inactivation caused impairments in the ability to fixate lights steadily in contralateral space. FEF inactivation always caused an ipsiversive deviation of the eyes in darkness. In summary, our results suggest that the FEF plays major roles in (1) generating contraversive saccades to locations of extinguished or flashed targets, (2) maintaining contralateral fixations, and (3) suppressing inappropriate ipsiversive saccades.

show abstract

Section: Infusion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible inactivation of macaque frontal eye field

1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…First, the altered oculomotor control might be explained by problems in saccadic metria possibly caused by abnormalities in the cerebellum (Robinson et al 1993;Leigh and Zee 1999;Leigh and Kennard 2004). Reduced cerebellar volumes throughout the development have been documented in patients with ADHD (Castellanos et al 2002).…”

Section: Oculomotor Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficits in visuo-spatial working memory, inhibition and oculomotor control in boys with ADHD and their non-affected brothers

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary. Few studies have assessed visuo-spatial working memory and inhibition in attention-deficit=hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by recording saccades and consequently little additional knowledge has been gathered on oculomotor functioning in ADHD. Moreover, this is the first study to report the performance of non-affected siblings of children with ADHD, which may shed light on the familiality of deficits. A total of 14 boys with ADHD, 18 non-affected brothers, and 15 control boys aged 7-14 years, were administered a memory-guided saccade task with delays of three and seven seconds. Familial deficits were found in accuracy of visuospatial working memory, percentage of anticipatory saccades, and tendency to overshoot saccades relative to controls. These findings suggest memory-guided saccade deficits may relate to a familial predisposition for ADHD.

show abstract

“…A less-direct route from the SC reaches the BG by a parallel pathway that includes first the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) and then the midline oculomotor region of the cerebellum, which consists of the oculomotor vermis and the caudal fastigial nucleus (CFN) to which the vermis projects. This midline oculomotor cerebellum has long been implicated in controlling saccade accuracy because lesions there cause saccades to become dysmetric (Optican and Robinson 1980;Ritchie 1976;Robinson et al 1993;Vilis and Hore 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharge of Monkey Nucleus Reticularis Tegmenti Pontis Neurons Changes During Saccade Adaptation

Takeichi

Kaneko²,

Fuchs³

2005

Journal of Neurophysiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Takeichi, N., C.R.S. Kaneko, and A. F. Fuchs. Discharge of monkey nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis neurons changes during saccade adaptation. J Neurophysiol 94: 1938J Neurophysiol 94: -1951J Neurophysiol 94: , 2005 doi:10.1152/jn.00113.2005. Saccade accuracy is maintained by adaptive mechanisms that continually modify saccade amplitude to reduce dysmetria. Previous studies suggest that adaptation occurs upstream of the caudal fastigial nucleus (CFN), the output of the oculomotor cerebellar vermis but downstream from the superior colliculus (SC). The nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) is a major source of afferents to both the oculomotor vermis and the CFN and in turn receives direct input from the SC. Here we examine the activity of NRTP neurons in four rhesus monkeys during behaviorally induced changes in saccade amplitude to assess whether their discharge might reveal adaptation mechanisms that mediate changes in saccade amplitude. During amplitude decrease adaptation (average, 22%), the gradual reduction of saccade amplitude was accompanied by an increase in the number of spikes in the burst of 19/34 neurons (56%) and no change for 15 neurons (44%). For the neurons that increased their discharge, the additional spikes were added at the beginning of the saccadic burst and adaptation also delayed the peak-firing rate in some neurons. Moreover, after amplitude reduction, the movement fields changed shape in all 15 open field neurons tested. Our data show that saccadic amplitude reduction affects the number of spikes in the burst of more than half of NRTP neurons tested, primarily by increasing burst duration not frequency. Therefore adaptive changes in saccade amplitude are reflected already at a major input to the oculomotor cerebellum.

show abstract

Role of the caudal fastigial nucleus in saccade generation. II. Effects of muscimol inactivation

Cited by 277 publications

References 0 publications

Reversible inactivation of macaque frontal eye field

Reversible inactivation of macaque frontal eye field

Deficits in visuo-spatial working memory, inhibition and oculomotor control in boys with ADHD and their non-affected brothers

Discharge of Monkey Nucleus Reticularis Tegmenti Pontis Neurons Changes During Saccade Adaptation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About