Role of the antiferromagnetic bulk spins in exchange bias

Schuller, Iván K.; Morales, R.; Batlle, X.; Nowak, Ulrich; Güntherodt, G.

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.04.065

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…through a ferromagnetic spin Seebeck effect. Possible sources include bulk uncompensated moments in the NiO [61], interfacial uncompensated moments separate from the {111} interfacial uncompensated AF monolayers [25], canted moments at the Pt/NiO interfaces from symmetry breaking, and proximity-induced magnetization in the Pt. We first take AF LSSE images of an unannealed Pt/NiO/Pt sample at ±2.5 kG, the largest field we can apply in our setup, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Control Measurements On Non-magnetic Pt/mgomentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin Seebeck Imaging of Spin-Torque Switching in Antiferromagnetic Pt/NiO Heterostructures

et al. 2019

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As electrical control of Néel order opens the door to reliable antiferromagnetic spintronic devices, understanding the microscopic mechanisms of antiferromagnetic switching is crucial. Spatiallyresolved studies are necessary to distinguish multiple nonuniform switching mechanisms; however, progress has been hindered by the lack of tabletop techniques to image the Néel order. We demonstrate spin Seebeck microscopy as a sensitive, table-top method for imaging antiferromagnetic order in thin films, and apply this technique to study spin-torque switching in NiO/Pt and Pt/NiO/Pt heterostructures. We establish the interfacial antiferromagnetic spin Seebeck effect in NiO as a probe of surface Néel order, resolving antiferromagnetic spin domains within crystalline twin domains. By imaging before and after applying current-induced spin torque, we resolve spin domain rotation and domain wall motion, acting simultaneously. We correlate the changes in spin Seebeck images with electrical measurements of the average Néel orientation through the spin Hall magnetoresistance, confirming that we image antiferromagnetic order.

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Section: Control Measurements On Non-magnetic Pt/mgomentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin Seebeck Imaging of Spin-Torque Switching in Antiferromagnetic Pt/NiO Heterostructures

et al. 2019

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“…While the free ferromagnet (FM) follows the external magnetic field, the second ferromagnetic layer is pinned via the EB effect, which is caused by the interfacial interaction with an antiferromagnet (AF). The microscopic origin of the EB has been discussed for a long time, and it seems that there is no single origin of EB but rather a variety of effects that play a role, such as the roughness of the FM-AF interfaces [2,3], domains in the AF pinned by defects [4][5][6], uncompensated interfacial spins [7], anisotropic exchange interactions across the interface [8], and a granular structure of the AF [9]. While these models rest on statistical arguments, where different types of disorder break the balance between magnetic moments in the two sublattices of the AF, recently, based on symmetry properties, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interactions have been proposed as a possible mechanism responsible for EB in perfectly compensated systems [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetism and exchange-bias effect at the MnN/Fe interface

et al. 2018

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Based on ab initio calculations and spin dynamics simulations, we perform a detailed study on the magnetic properties of bulk MnN and the MnN/Fe interface. We determine the spin model parameters for the θ-phase of bulk MnN, and we find that the competition between the nearest and the next-nearest-neighbor interactions leads to antiferromagnetic ordering of the Mn spins, in agreement with previous theoretical and experimental results. At the MnN/Fe interface, a sizable Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction appears leading to a stable exchange-bias effect. We study the dependences of the exchange-bias effect on the thicknesses of the ferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic layers, and we compare them to experimentally obtained results [Meinert et al., Phys. Rev. B 92, 144408 (2015)].

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“…In magnetic thin film heterostructures, the interaction at the heterointerface plays a dominant role in the development of novel electronic and magnetic properties. Especially, the heterointerface between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic thin films is under intensive focus with respect to its promising application in the exchange coupling effect for magnetic devices as well as the fundamental mechanism underlying the heterointerface interaction . The coupling strength at the heterointerface primarily relies on the interfacial structure at the atomic scale, including atomic roughness, steps, and intermixing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Interface Formation in Magnetic Thin Film Heterostructures

Nakashima

Miyamachi

Tatetsu

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Magnetic thin film heterostructures have been widely studied for fundamental interests in the emergence of novel phenomena associated with the heterointerface formation as well as their promising practical potential. Combining X-ray magnetic circular dichroism with scanning tunneling microscopy, it is shown for fcc Fe thin films grown on Cu (001) with Mn overlayers (Mn/Fe thin film heterostructures) that the interfacial factors dominating the electronic and magnetic properties of the entire system dynamically change with the amount of the Mn overlayer. Element specific magnetization curves of the Fe layer exhibit a two-step spin reorientation transition from out-of-plane to in-plane direction by increasing the Mn coverage. The atomic-scale characterizations of structural and electronic properties in combination with the first-principles calculations successfully unravel the roles of the entangled interfacial factors and clarify the driving forces of the transition. The first step of the transition at a low Mn coverage is dominantly induced by the formation of FeMn disordered alloy at the heterointerface, and the electronic hybridization with the interfacial FeMn ordered alloy is dominant as the origin of the second step of the transition at a high Mn coverage.

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Role of the antiferromagnetic bulk spins in exchange bias

Cited by 53 publications

References 52 publications

Spin Seebeck Imaging of Spin-Torque Switching in Antiferromagnetic Pt/NiO Heterostructures

Spin Seebeck Imaging of Spin-Torque Switching in Antiferromagnetic Pt/NiO Heterostructures

Magnetism and exchange-bias effect at the MnN/Fe interface

Dynamic Interface Formation in Magnetic Thin Film Heterostructures

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